45 

*bN^WNARD'S  ENGLISH 
m    CLASSIC  SERIES 

^B    WITH  EXPLANATORY  NOTES 


i»7- 


THE 

ACADEMY 

ORTHOEPIST 


'yj 


NEW  YORK 

CHARLES  E.  MERRILL  CO. 


^3E^ 


MAYNARD^S 
ENGLISH     CLASSIC     SERIES 

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\J  \J  \J  l^       b  I  h^  •' 

MAYNARD'S  ENGLISH  CLASSIC   SERIES. -No.  45, 


><.-    L^'^9^ 


Academy    Orthoepist. 


.A  Brief  Manual  of  Pronunciation  foe 
Use  in  the  School-Room. 

iKoi.m>iKa 

A   SPECIAL  LIST  OP  PROPER   NAMES  OP  FREQUENT  OCCDBRKNCF 
IN  LITERATUKE,    SCIENCE,   AND  AST. 


By  J.  W.    ABERNETHY,  Ph.D., 

PROFESSOR  OF  BNGLISH   LITERATURB  IN  THB  AOELPHI  ACADEMY,  BROOKLYN 


NEW   YORK 
CHARLES   E.   MERRILL   CO 


CoDvrie&t.  1884.  by  Clakk  S  BlAYNAitX; 


PEEFAOE. 


This  little  Manual  has  been  prepared  in  the  belief  thai 
the  pronunciation  of  any  school  may  be  greatly  improved 
by  a  very  small  expenditure  of  time  and  energy,  provided 
it  be  wisely  directed.  It  differs  from  books  of  its  class  in 
several  important  particulars. 

First,  it  is  not  a  reference  book  for  the  teacher's  desk, 
to  be  occasionally  consulted,  but  an  exercise  book  to  be 
placed  in  the  hands  of  each  pupil  for  systematic  use  until 
mastered. 

Secondly,  it  does  not  contain  three  thousand  words, 
but  a  carefully  selected  list  of  those  words  only  which 
give  rise  to  actual  errors  and  difficulties,  so  limited  as  to 
render  its  thorough  mastery  not  only  probable,  but  with 
proper  attention  from  the  teacher,  reasonably  certain. 

Thirdly,  it  aims,  by  a  method  of  grouping,  to  associate 
words  allied  in  pronunciation,  thus  fixing  in  a  practical 
manner  simple  principles  of  wide  application. 

Finally,  it  aims  at  securing  for  those  schools  into  which 
it  may  find  its  way,  a  uniform  pronunciation  of  many 
words  which  have  two  or  more  authorized  pronunciations. 
One  finds  by  a  brief  comparison  of  standard  dictionaries 
that  it  is  impossible  to  hold  rigidly  to  any  single  authority, 
if  he  would  have  his  pronunciation  conform  to  the  best 
usage.     For  example^  those  who  are  loyal  to  so  excellent 


ir  PREFACE. 

an  authority  as  Worcester  must  say  dark  for  clerk,  devas'^ 
tate  for  dev'astate,  lev-ten'ant  for  Ueu-ten'ant,  and  sa'tur 
for  sat'ire;  and  what  is  the  pupil  to  do  who,  in  searching 
the  dictionaries,  comes  upon  a  word  like  porcelain  with 
five  well-established  forms  of  pronunciation  ? 

A  preferred  form  for  such  words  is  here  recommended, 
which,  it  is  believed,  represents  the  most  approved  usage 
at  the  present  time.  The  decision  in  each  case  is  based 
upon  an  examination  of  all  the  best  and  latest  authorities, 
English  and  American,  including  Haldeman's  Dictionary, 
recently  published,  and  the  New  Imperial  Dictionary. 
These  words  are  distinguished  by  full-face  type,  and  each 
spelling  printed  in  this  type  represents  an  authorized 
pronunciation.  Where  usage  is  about  equally  divided, 
the  preference  of  Webster  and  of  Worcester  is  indicated 
in  parenthesis ;  also  when  a  form  rests  mainly  upon  a 
single  authority,  the  name  is  added.  Brief  notes  are 
inserted  where  further  explanation  seemed  necessary.  In 
all  other  cases  the  weight  of  authority  is  decidedly  in 
favor  of  the  form  selected. 

Since  this  manual  was  first  published,  in  1884,  four 
great  dictionaries  have  appeared — Webster's  Interna- 
tional, the  Century,  the  Standard,  and  the  Encyclopaedic 
Dictionary.  For  this  edition  the  text  has  been  revised 
with  reference  to  these  new  works,  in  order  that  the 
book  may  continue  to  represent  the  judgment  of  the 
latest  authorities  and  the  best  usage. 

J.  W.  A. 

Brooklyn,  January  23,  1895. 


POINTS    TO    BE    REMEMBERED. 


Remember  not  to  omit  unaccented  syllables  in  such 
words  as  history  {histry),  arithmetic  {rithmtic),  boisterous 
{hoistro2is)f  interest  (intrest),  valuable  {valuhl),  victory 
(victry). 

JRem^emher  not  to  say  unt  for  ent  in  such  words  as 
government,  moment,  prudent,  monument. 

RemeTribev  not  to  say  id  for  ed  in  such  words  as 
delighted,  excited,  united. 

Rem,ember  not  to  say  in  for  ing  in  such  words  as 
singing,  reading,  writing.     See  page  34. 

liemem^ber  not  to  say  iss  for  ess  in  such  words  as 
goodness,  careless,  hostess,  empress. 

Mem>emJber  not  to  say  unce  for  ence  in  such  words 
as  sentence,  patience,  experience. 

Memem^ber  that  unaccented  a,  at  the  end  of  a  word, 
has  the  shortened  sound  of  a  in  father,  as  in  algebra, 
Africa,  sofa. 

Remember  to  sound  the  d,  when  preceded  by  n,  in 
such  words  as  stand  {stan),  depends  {depenz),  grand-father 
{gran-father),  handful  (hanful) ;  also  when  standing  be- 
tween I  and  5,  in  such  words  as  holds,  builds,  ujifolds. 

Rem,em,ber  to  distinguish  properly  between  tha 
sound  of  long  u,  as  in  duty,  and  the  sound  of  u  preceded 
by  r,  as  in  7'ude.    See  notes,  pages  14  and  32. 

Rem^ember  the  suggestions  under  gone,  page  18, 
history,  page  19,  and  savage,  page  33. 


KEY   TO    PRONUNCIATION. 


8,    long     ......  as  in  ffite,      file,        pain. 

&,    $hort "  f&t,        Sdd,       cS,rry. 

&,    before  r "  cfire,      bear,      parent 

fi,    Italian "  &rm,      palm,     father. 

5,  long "  me,        eve,       seizure. 

8,    short "  met,      men,      ferry, 

e, "  her,       term,     prefer. 

1,     long "  pine,      ice,        thrive. 

i,    short "  pin,       ill,         mirror. 

6,  long "  note.      Old,        lOaf. 

6,    O/n-t "  nSt,       Odd,       tOrrid. 

6,    broad "  fOr,        sort,       order. 

ob,  long "  food,     moon,    boSty. 

o6,  sTiort "  foot,      gdbd,     wdol. 

ii,    long     .    .5.    ,    .    .  "  Use,       tube,     lute. 

ii,    short "  iis,         tub,       hiirry. 

6,     .......    .  "  fur,        urge,     concur. 

ow, "  how,      owl,       vowel. 

g,    ^ort? "  get,       begin,    tiger. 

n,    Uke  ng "  finger,  link,      anger. 

§,    Uke  z "  ha§,       amu§e,  re§ide. 

th,  (unmarked)  ....  "  thin,      thank,  breath. 

th, "  tfieii,     tfioae,    hreathe. 

5,    Uke  gz, "  exert,    ejist,     example. 

Note.— As  it  seems  desirable  to  present  words  for  drill  in  pronunciation 

encumbered  with  as  few  diacritical  marks  as  possible,  only  the  more  funda- 
mental and  regular  sounds  of  the  vowels  are  included  in  the  foregoing  table. 
In  this  Manual,  these  marks,  as  a  general  role,  are  placed  only  on  the  accented 
syllables  of  respeUed  words. 


Abbreviations. — The  abbreviations  used  in  the  following  pages 
are  Wb.  for  Webster's  International,  Can.  for  Century,  St.  for 
Standard,  Wor.  for  Worcester,  Hal.  for  Haldeman,  Stor.  for  Stx)r- 
month.  Imp.  for  New  Imperial,  Eucy.  for  Encyclopaedic,  Eng.  for 
English,  It.  for  Italian,  Fr.  for  French,  Ger.  for  German. 


Academy  Orthoepist. 


A. 

Abdomen — ab-do'men,  not  ab'do-men. 

abject — Hb'jekt,  not  ab-jekt'.  So  ab'ject-ly,  ab'ject- 

ness. 
ablative — ab'la-tiv,  not  ab'l-tiv. 
absolutory — ab-s6rii-to-ri,  not  ab-so-lu'to-ri. 
abstemious — ab-ste'mi-us,  not  ab-stem'i-us. 
accent,  verb — ak-sent',  not  ak'sent.    So  ac-cent'ed. 
access — ^'ses,  not  ak-sgs^ 

The  second  pronunciation  is  common  in  poetry. 

accessory — ak-s3s'so-ri    (Wb.),    not    ^'ses-so-rl 

(Wor.). 
acclimate — ak-kli'mat,  not  ak'kli-mat.    So  ac-cli'- 

ma-tize. 
accost — ak-k6st',  not  ak-kawst'.    See  cloth, 
accurate — ak'ku-rat,  not  ak'er-It.     See  savage. 
acetic — a-sSt'ik,  tz^^  a-se'tik.     "  acetic  acid/' 
acoustics — a-koos'tiks,  not  a-kow'stiks. 

The  Cen.  and  the  St.  choose  the  first ;  Wb.  and  Won,  the  second. 

across — a-kr5s',  not  a-krawst'. 
acumen — ^a-kii'men,  not  ak'u-men. 
adamantean — ad-a-man-te'an,  not  ad-a-man'te-an. 
address,  noun  and  nerh — ad-dres',  not  ad'dres. 
adept — a-dept',  not  §,d'ept.    So  a-diilt',  not  ad'ult. 

Haldeman  boldly  says  dd'ept,  in  obedience  to  general  U8a<;e,  but  thlB  pronun- 
ciation is  not  recognized  by  tlie  leadiug  orthoSpiBts. 

adverse — ad'vers,  not  ad- vers'.     So  ad'verse-ly. 
advertise — ad'ver-tiz,  not  ad-ver-tiss'. 


6  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

advertisement — ad-ver't][z-ment,  not  ad-ver-tlz'- 

ment. 
aesthetics — es-thSt'iks,   not  es-th§t'iks,   nor  ez- 

thSt'iks,  nor  es-the'tiks. 
again — a-gen',  not  a-gan' ;  a-genst',  not  a-ganst'. 

The  second  forms  are  antiquated,  and  permissible  only  in  poetry. 

aged— a'jed,  not  ajd,  except  in  compounds. 
aggrandizement — ag-gr^n'diz-ment     (Wb.),     f^M 

Sg'gran-diz-ment  (Wor.). 
albumen — al-bii'men,  not  al'bu-men. 
alcove — ai'kov  (Wb.),  not  al-kov'  (Wor.). 
algebra — aFje-bra,  not  al'je-bra. 
alkaline — Sl'ka-lin,  not  Sl'ka-lin.     So  an'i-Hne. 
allegro — al-le'gro,  not  al-la'gro,  nor  al'le-gro.    So 

Milton's  "L'Alle'gro." 
aUy — al-li',  not  al'li ;  pi.,  al-liz',  not  al'liz. 
almond — a'mund,  not  al'mund. 
alpine — ^'pin,   not   Si'pin,   nor   al'pen.     So  cis- 

al'pine. 
altercation — al-ter-ka'slinn,  not  al-,  nor  awl-. 
alternate,  xierh — Sl'ter-nat,  not  al-ter'n5t ;  noun 

and  adj.,  al-ter'nat,  not  al'ter-nat,  nor  awl'-. 

So  al-ter'nate-ly,  al-ter'na-tive. 
amateur — am-a-tur',  not  am-a-ttir',  nor  am-a-toor', 

nor  am'a-chiir. 
amen — a'men',  not  a'men',  except  in  singing, 
amenable — a-me'na-bl,  not  a-men'a-bl. 
ancestral— an-s6s'tral  (Wb.),  not  Sn'ses-tral. 
antepenult— £Ln-te-pe-nult'  (Cen.),  not  an-te-pe' 

nult  (Wb.). 
anti,  in  compounds — an'tt,  not  an'ti. 
antipodes— an-tip'o-dez,  not  an'ti-podz. 
apparatus— ap-pa-ra'tus,  not  ap-pa-ra'tus. 


ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST.  7 

apparent — ap-p&r'ent,  not  ap-par'ent  (Imp.). 

apricot — a'pri-kot,  not  ap'ri-kot. 

aquiline — Sk'we-lin,  not  Sk'we-lin. 

archetype — ar'ke-tip,  not  ar'che-tlp. 

archipelago— ai-ki-pel'a-go,  not  arch-i-pel'a-go. 

arctic — ark'tlk,  not  ar'tlk. 

area — a're-a,  not  a-re'a. 

armada — ar-ma'da,  not  ar-ma'da. 

aspirant — as-pir'ant,  not  Ss'pi-rant  (Wor.). 

association — as-so-shi-a'shun,   not  as-so-si-a'shun. 

So  annuncia'tion,    apprecia'tlon,    enuncla'- 

tion.    See  pronunciation. 
ate — at,  not  6t. 

atLsnaeum — ath-e-ne'um,  not  a-the'ne-um. 
aunt — ant,  not  ant. 
auxiliary — awg-zll'ya-ri,    not    awg-zil'I-a-rl,    nor 

awks-fl'a-rl. 
avaunt — a-vant'  (Hal.),  not  a-vawnt'.     See  daunt. 

The  weight  of  authority  is  in  favor  of  the  second  marking,  but  usage, 
euphony,  and  analogy  seem  to  justify  the  first. 

ay,  or  aye,  yes — i ;  aye,  always — a. 
azure — Szh'ur,  n^ot  a'zhur  (Wor.) 

B 

Bade — ^b3,d,  not  bad. 

banquet — bang'kwet,  not  ban'kvvet.    See  languid. 

basalt— ba-sa wit',  not  ba-zawlt'. 

bass-relief — bas're-lef.     But  bas-relief — ba-re-lef. 

bayou — bi'oo. 

bedizen — be-diz'n  (Wb.,  Cen.,  St.),  not  be-di'zn. 

been — bin,  not  ben  (English),  nor  ben. 

be-gone — be-g6n',  not  be-gawn'.     See  gone. 

behalf— be-haf,  not  be-haf '. 


a  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

bellows — bSllSz,  not  bSl'lus.    So  gallows. 

The  majority  has  turned  in  favor  of  bel'loz ;  among  the  new  dictionaries,  English 
(tnd  American,  Webster  stands  alone  for  bel'liu. 

beloved,   adJ.—he-ltY'ed.;    part — ^be-luvd'.     See 

learned, 
beneath — ^be-ne^^',  not  be-neth'.    So  be-quea^y^'o 
benzine — ^ben'zin,  7iot  ben-zen'.    So  ben'zole. 
bestial — ^best'yal,  not  best'!  al. 
bifurcate — ^bi-fdr'kat,   not  bi'fur-kat.    So  bi-fur'- 

cat-ed. 
biography — ^bi-6g'ra-f  I,  not  bl-,  nor  be-6g'ra-f  t 
bison — bi'sun,  not  biz'un. 
bitumen — ^bi-tii'men,  not  bit'u-men. 
blessed,  adj. — bles'ed ;  part. — ^blest.    See  learned, 
blithe — ^bli^^,  not  blith. 

boisterous — bois'ter-us,  not  bois'trus.     See  history, 
bomb— bom.    So  bom-bard',  bomb'shell. 
bombast — ^bSm'bast,  not  bum'bast. 

This  is  the  choice  of  Webster,  Century,  Standard,  Encyclopaedic,  and  Imperial. 

bouquet — bo5-k5',  n^f  boo'ka,  nor  bo-ka'. 

bourn — ^born,  not  boom  (Hal.). 

bravado — bra-va'do,  not  bra-va'do.  So  bra'vo 
{interj.,  bra'vo). 

bromide — bro'mid,  n^t  bro'mid.  So  chlo'ride, 
hy'dride,  i'o-dide,  ox'ide,  and  other  chem- 
ical terms  ending  in  ide. 

bromine — bro'min,  not  bro'mm.  So  chlo'rine,  i'o- 
dine,  nic'o-tJne,  and  other  chemical  terms 
ending  in  ine. 

bronchitis — ^bron-kl'tis,  not  bron-ke'tis. 

brooch — broch,  not  brooch. 

buoy — ^bwoi,  Tiot  boi,  nor  bsoii,  nor  bwSoI, 

burlesque— bur-lesk',  nx)t  burlesk. 


ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST.  9 

o. 

Calcine— -kal-sin',  not  kSl'sin  (Hal.). 

caliph — ^ka'llf,  not  ka-lef ,  nor  ka'llf. 

caljrx — ka'liks,  not  k^'iks ;  pl.^  ka'liks-es. 

canine — ^ka-nin',  not  k^'in  (Hal.),  nor  ka'nin.  But 
feline. 

capitoline — ^kap'i-to-lin,  not  -to'lin,  nor  -to-len'. 

capuchin — ^kap-u-shen',  not  ka-pu'chin. 

carbonaceous — kar-bo-na'shus,  not  kar-bo-na'se-us. 

caricature — kSr'i-kat-3rur,  not  kSr'i-ka-ttir,  nor 
-ka-choor.  So  car'i-cat^u-rist.  See  litera- 
ture. 

carmine — ^kar'min,  not  kar'min,  nor  kar'men. 

cassimere — ^kas'si-mer,  nx)t  kaz'i-mer. 

catch — ^katch,  nM  ketch. 

cayenne — ^ka-en',  not  ki-en',  nor  ki'an. 

celibacy — s61'i-ba-si,  not  se-lib'a-si. 

Webster  stands  alone  for  the  second  marking. 

cement,  noun  and  mrh — se-m6nt',  not  sSm'ent. 

This  is  the  decision  of  the  latest  dictionaries. 

ceramic — se-ram'ik,  not  ke-ram'ik. 

cerement — ser'ment,  not  ser'e-ment. 

certain — ser'tin,  not  sert'n. 

chagrin — sha-grin',  not  sha-gren'  (Wor.). 

chamois — Bh)Sixa.%not  shSm'wa  (Imp.),7ior  sha-moi'. 

The  first  is  preferred  by  Wb.,  Wor.,  and  St. ;  the  second,  by  Cen.,  and  Stor. 

chary — char'I,  Tiot  char'i. 
chasten — chas'sn,  not  chas'n. 
chastisement — chas'tiz-ment,  not  chas-tlz'ment. 
chiaro-oscuro — ^ke-a'ro-os-kdb'ro. 
chimera — ^ki-me'ra. 

cbivalric — shiv'al-rik,  nx^t  shi-vSl'rik  (Wor.)  So 
chiv'al-rous. 


10  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

chloride — ^klo'rid.    So  cMo'rine.    See  bromide. 
Christianity — krist-ySn'i-ti  (Wb.),  not  kris-ti-Sn'- 

i-tl  (Wor.). 
chronological — ^krSn-o-lSj'ik-al,    Twt    krS-no-lilij'- 

Ik-al. 

The  first  is  the  marking  of  all  the  latest  books,  English  and  American. 

civil — siv'il,  not  siv'l.    So  pen'cil,  nov'el,  trav'el, 

hov'el,   etc.     But  evil — e'vl,  not  e'vil.     So 

eVn,  dev"l,  ba's'n,  etc. 
civilization — siv-il-I-za'shun,    not    slv-I-Uz'a-shun. 

See  realization, 
clangor — klang'gor,  not  klang'or,   rhyming  with 

anger, 
cleanly,  adj. — ^klen'll ;  adv. — ^klen'll. 
clerk — ^klerk,  not  klark  (Wor.). 

The  second  pronunciation  is  almost  universal  in  England,  the  first  in  America. 

cloth — ^kloth,  not  klawth.    So  broth,  frSth,  wr6th, 
loft,  soft,  sc6ff,  drSss,  gl6ss,  m5ss,  t5ss. 

Avoid  the  extreme  short  sound  of  o  in  these  words.    See  gone. 

coadjutor — ko-ad-jii'tor.    But  co-ad'ju-tant. 

coffee — ^k6f 'fe,  not  kaw'fe. 

cognizance — ^kdg'ni-zance,   not  kdn'I-zance.      So 

c5g'ni-zant,  c5g'ni-za-ble,  re-c6g'nl-zance. 

The  second  pronunciation  is  common  among  lawyers  ;  the  first  is  preferred 
by  all  leading  authorities. 

cognomen — kog-no'men,  not  kog'no-men. 
column— kSrum,  not  kol'yoom,  nor  kol'yum. 
combat,    noun   and   verh — kdm'bat  (Wb.),    not 

kum'bat  (Wor.)    So  com 'bat-ant,  cSm'bat- 

ive-ness,  non-com'bat-ant. 
comely — ^kum'li,  not  kom'll    So  come'li-ness. 
commandant — ^kom-man-dant',  not  k6m-mS.n'dant. 
compensate — ^kom-pSn'sat,  not  k&m'pen-s3t.     So 

con-cen'trate,  con-tem'plate,  con-fis'cate,  de- 


ACADEMY    OETHOEPIST*  11 

mon'strate,    ex-pur'gate,    ex-tir'pate.     But 
con'sum-mate. 

Webster  is  the  only  orthoepist  of  importance  who  prefers  to  accent  the  first 
syllable  of  these  words.  It  seems  desirable  lo  except  consummate  to  distinguish 
it  from  the  adjective. 

complaisance — ^kom'pla-zance'.    So  com'plai-gant'. 
comrade — kdm'rSd,  not  kdm'rad,  7ior  kum'rad. 

The  first  pronunciation  is  preferred  by  "Webster,  Century,  and  Standard  ;  the 
second,  by  Worcester,  Stormonth,  and  Imperial. 

concave — kong'kav,  not  kon'kav.  So  con'cord, 
con'course,  con'gress,  con'quest. 

concentrate — kon-sSn'trat.     See  compensate. 

condemning — kon-dem'ning,  not  kon-dem'ing.  So 
con-dem'ner. 

condolence — kon-do'lence,  not  kon'do-lence. 

conduit — ^kdn'dit,  not  kun'dit. 

confidant — kon-f  1-dant',  not  kon'f I-dant. 

"  A  greater  mark  of  rusticity  cannot  be  given  than  to  place  the  accent  on  thf 
flrst  syllable,  and  to  pronounce  the  last  dent  Instead  of  dant. '-  Walker. 

confiscate — kon-f  is'kat.    See  compensate. 

conjure,  to  adjure — kon-jiir' ;  to  practice  magic-- 
kiin'jur. 

connoisseur — kon-nis-sur',  not  -siir'. 

conscientious — kon-shl-Sn'shus,  not  kon-sJ-gn'- 
shus.     See  pronunciation. 

conservator — kon'ser-va'tor. 

construe — ^kSn'strob,  not  kon-strob',  nor  kon'stur. 

consummate,  verb — kdn'sum-mat.  See  compen- 
sate. 

contents — ^kdn'tents,  not  kon-tSnts\ 

The  flrst  marking  is  that  of  Webster,  Century,  Standard,  Imperial,  Hal- 
deman,  and  the  Encyclopeedic;  the  second  is  antiquated,  and  supported  only 
by  Worcester  and  Stormonth. 

contour — kon-t65r',  not  kdn'toor  (Hal.), 
conversant — kdn'ver-sant,  not  kon-ver'sant. 


12  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

converse,  noun  and  adj. — kdnVers.  So  con'verse-ly. 
convex — kon'veks,  not  kon-veks'.    So  con'vex-ly. 
coquetry— ko'ket-ri(Cen. ,  St.  ),not  ko-kgt'ri(  W  b. ). 
cordial — kcrd'yal  (Wor.),  not  k6r'di-al  (Imp.).  So 

cord-iari-ty. 
coronal — kdr'o-nal  (Wb.,  Can.,  St.),  not  ko-ro'nal. 
cost — kdst,  not  kawst.    So  frSst,  15st,  t6st.    See 

cloth. 
costume — kds'tum,  not  kos-tum'.    So  cos'tum-er. 
cotyledon— kSt-i-le'don,   not  kdt-USd'un   (Hal.). 

But  c6t-;f-led'o-nous. 
courier — kob'ri-er,  not  kur'ri-er. 
courteous — ^kfirt'e-us,  not  kiirt'yTis,  Tior  kort'jrus. 
courtier — kort'yar,  not  kor'tif-er. 
covetous — ^kiiv'et-us,  not  kuv'e-chus. 
curator — ku-ra'tor,  not  kii'ra-tor. 
Cyclopean — si-klo-pe'an,  not  si-kl6'pe-an  (Hal.), 
cynosure — sl'no-shur,  not  sin'o-shur. 

All  the  best  authorities  are  agreed  upon  si'no-shur.    Haldeman  alone  prefers 
ein'o-shur,  and  Webster  and  the  Centoiy  give  it  second  placet 

D. 

Dado — da'do,  not  da'do. 

dahlia — dWya,  not  dal'ya,  nor  da'll-a. 

damage — dam'aj,  not  dam'ij.    See  savage, 

data — da'ta,  not  da'ta.     So  da'tum. 

daunt— dant,  not  dawnt.     So  flaunt,  gaunt,  haunt, 

jaunt,  taunt,  vaunt, 
decorative — dek'o-ra-tiv,  not  de-kor'a-tiv. 
decorous — de-ko'rus,    n^t   d^'o-rus.     So   in-de- 

co'rus. 

"  A  learned  ear  would  be  as  much  shocked  at  such  a  departure  [dSk^  from 
classical  propriety  as  in  the  words  sono'rous  and  caTU/rous."— Walker. 


ACADEMY    OETHOEPIST.  J  3 

defalcation — dgf-al-ka'shun  (Wor.),  not  de-tal-ka'- 

shun  (Wb.). 
defile,  noun — de-f  il',  not  de'f  il. 

There  is  slight  authority  for  the  second  pronunciation. 

demonstrate — de-mdn'strat,     not    dSm'on-strat. 

See  compensate, 
depot — de'po,  not  de-p6',  nor  da-p6',  nor  dSp'o. 

Usage,  in  this  country,  has  made  this  word  de'po.  In  spite  of  the  c'.ictiouaries ; 
two  of  the  new  ones,  Webster  and  the  Standard,  have  adopted  this  form.  The 
thi'-'l  nnfl  fourth  forms  are  little  better  than  affectations. 

deprivation — dep-ri-va'shun,  not  de-pri-va'. 

desperado — dgs-pe-ra'do,  not  des-pe-ra'd6. 

detail,  noun — de'tal,  not  de-tal' ;  ^erS— de-tal'. 
See  perfect. 

detestation — dgt-es-ts'shun,  not  de-tes-ta'shun. 

devastate— dSv'as-tat,  not  de-vSs'tat  (Wor.). 

dialogue — di'a-log,  not  di'a-lawg.    So  ep'i-logue. 

diamond — di'a-mund,  not  di'mund. 

dilate — di-lat',  not  di-lat',  nor  di'lat. 

diphtheria — dif-the'ri-a,  not  dip-the'ri-a  (Hal.). 

diphthong — dif 'thong,  not  dip'thong.  So  triph- 
thong. 

The  flret  is  sustained  by  Webster,  New  Imperial,  and  Cull ;  the  second  by 
(Torcester,  Smart,  and  Haldeman. 

diplomatic — dip-lo-mat'ik,  not  di-plo.    So  dl-plo'- 

ma-cy,  dJ-plo'ma-tist. 
disaster — diz-as'ter,  not  dis-as'ter, 
discard — dis-kard',  not  dis'kard. 
discount,  verb — dis-kount',  not  dis'kount  (Wb.). 
discrepancy — dis-krgp'an-si,     not     dis'kre-p^-sl 

(Wor.). 

disdain — dis-dSn',  not  diz-dSn'. 
dishabille — dis-a-bfl',  not  dis-a-bel'. 
disputable-  dis'pu-ta-bl,  not  dis-pu'ta-bL 


I 

14  ACADEMY    OETHOEPIST.  ^ 

disputant — dis'pu-tant,  tio^  dis-pu'tant. 

disticli — dis'tik,  not  dis'tich. 

divan — di-van',  not  di'van. 

divers,  several,  sundry — di'verz,  not  di'verse. 

diverse,  different — diVerse,  not  di-verse'.    So  di''« 

verse-ly. 
docile — d6s'il,  not  do'sil,  nor  do'sil. 
dog — dog,  not  dawg.     So  bog,  hog,  16g.    See  gone, 
dolorous — ddl'o-rus,  not  do'lo-rus  (Hal.). 
doth — duth,  not  doth.    So  dost — dust. 
drama — dra'ma,  not  drSm'a,  nor  dra'ma. 

Worcester  stands  alone  for  dra'ma. 

draught — draft,  not  drawt. 
dromedary — drum'e-da-ri,  not  dr5m-. 
drought— drowt,  not  drowth. 
duty — dl'tl,  not  dcJb'ti.    So  duke,  blue,  nude,  in- 
stitute, etc.     See  rule. 

"  When  long  u  is  preceded,  in  the  same  syllable,  by  any  one  of  the  consonants 
d,  t,  I,  n,  s,  and  th,  it  is  peculiarly  difficult  to  introduce  the  sound  of  y  ;  and 
hence  negligent  speakers  omit  it  entirely,  pronouncing  duty,  dooty ;  tune,  toon ; 
lute,  loot;  nuisance,  noosance,  suit,  soot,  etc." — Webster. 

dynamite^di'na-mlt,  not  din'a-mlt. 

dynasty — di'nas-ti,  not  din'as-ti. 

dyspepsia,  dyspepsy— dis-pep'sl-a,  dis-pep'sl. 


Economic— e-ko-nSm'ik,    not    Sk-o-n6m'ik.      So 

e-co-nom'ic-al. 

The  first  Is  the  marking  of  Web.,  Cen.,  Imp.,  Ency.,  Hal.,  Cull,  and  others; 
the  second,  of  Wor.,  St.,  Stor.,  Smart,  and  Walker. 

effort — Sf'fSrt,  not  Sf'furt. 

egotism — e'go-tizm,  not  Sg'o-tizm.     So  e'go-tist. 

Jttia  Bsw  Imperial  gives  ig'o-tist,  egotism,  and  Sgo-isi,  0 go-ism. 


ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST.  15 

either — e'tJier^  not  i'iher.    So  nei'ther. 

"  For  the  pronunciation  I'ther  and  ni'ther  there  is  no  authority,  either  ot 
analogy  or  of  the  beat  speakers.  It  is  an  affectation,  and  in  this  country,  & 
copy  of  a  second-rate  British  affectation." — B.  G.  White. 

eleemosynary — el-e-mos'i-na-ri,  not  el-e-moz'-. 
elegiac— e-le'ji-ak,  not  Sl-e-ji'ak  (Wor.). 
eleven — e-lev'n,  not  levn. 

elysian — e-lizh'I-an,  not  e-liz'i-an.    So  E-lys'i-um. 
emendation — em-en-da'shun,  not  e-men-. 
empyrean — em-pi-re'an,     not    eni-pir''e-an.      So 

Ep-i-cu-re'an,  Eu-ro-pe'an. 
encyclopedic— en-si-klo-pe'dik,  not  -pSd'ik  (Wb.). 
enervate — e-nerVat,  not  en'er-vat. 
enigmatic — e-nig-mat'ik,  not  en-ig-mat'ik. 
ennui  (Fr.) — 5n'we'. 
envelope — Sn've-lop,  not  6ng've-l6p.    Or  envelop 

— en-v61'up. 
epoch — Sp'dk,  not  e'p6k  (Imp.). 
equable — e'lrwa-bl,  not  Sk'-wa-bl  (Smart), 
equation — e-kwa'shun,  not  -zhun. 
equipage — ek'wi-page,  not  e-kwlp'ej. 
evangelical — gv-an-jgl'i-kal,  not  e-van-jgl'J-kal. 

Euphony,  good  usage,  and  good  dictionary  authority  justify  the  first  mark- 
ing, despite  Webster  and  Worcester. 

evening — e'vn-ing,  not  ev'ning,  nor  ev'nin. 

every — ev'er-i,  not  ev'ri. 

exact — egz-akt',  not  eks-akt'.  So  e?-alt',  ei-am'ine, 
e?-am'ple,  e^-empt',  e:^-ert',  e?:-ist',  e?-ult'. 

excise — eks-siz',  not  eks'siz.    So  ex-ci§e'man. 

exemplary — ggz'em-pla-ri,  not  egz-gm'pla-ri 
(Hal.). 

exhaust — egz-awst'.  So  e?hib'it,  exhil'arate,  ex- 
hort'. 

exile,  noun — fiks'il,  not  ggz'fl  (Hal.),  nor  egz-Il'. 


16  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

exile,  verb—^^s'il  (Wb.),  not  egz-il'  (Wor.),  nor 
Sgz'il  (Hal.). 

The  New  Imperial  says  "  igzll,  formeriy  egz-V," 

exorcise— eks'or-sTz,  not  eks-or'siz. 

expert,  noun — eks-pert',  not  ^s'pert  (Wb.) ;  adj. 

— eks-pert'. 
exploit — eks-ploif,  not  eks'ploit. 
exponent — eks-po'nent,  not  eks'po-nent. 
expurgate — eks-p<ir'gat.    See  compensate, 
exquisite — eks'kwi-zit,  not  eks-kwi'zit. 
extant — eks'tant,  not  eks-tant'. 
extirpate — eks-ter'pat.     See  compensate, 
extol — eks-tSr,  not  eks-tol'. 
extraordinary — eks-tror'di-na-rlt,  not  eks-tra-6r'. 

di-na-ri  (Imp.). 
exuberant — egz-yulber-ant,  not  eks-3ru'-. 
eyry — a'ri,  n^t  e'ri,  nor  i'rX,  nor  airl. 

P. 

Fapade — ^fa-sad',  not  fa-s5d'. 

facial — fa'shal,  not  fa'sl-al. 

falchion — fawl'chun,  not  fawrshxm. 

falcon — ^fawTin.    So  farcon-er,  farcon-ry. 

faucet — faw'set,  not  fas'et. 

fertilization — fer-tl-H-za'shun.    See  realization. 

fidelity— fl-deri-ti,  not  f  i-deFi-ti. 

fief— fef ;  feoff— fef. 

figure — f  Ig'yur,  not  f ig'ur. 

finale — f  i  nale,  not  f  I-nal',  nor  f  T-nal'. 

finance — fi-nance',  not  f T'nance.    So  f I-nan'ces,  f  I- 

nan'cial. 
financier — f In-an-ser',  not  f  i-nan-ser'. 


ACADEMY    OETHOEPIST.  1 

fiord,  fiord — fe-6rd'. 

flaccid — flak'sid,  not  flas'id. 

flaunt — flaut,  not  flawnt.     See  daunt 

folio — ^fo'li-o,  nol  ibVyb. 

forehead — fdr'ed,  not  forted. 

forge — ^forj,  not  forj.     So  for'ger,  for'ger-y. 

fortnight— fort'nit,  not  fort'nit. 

franchise — ^fran'chlz,  not  -cliiz.    So  en-fran'chfee. 

fraternize— fra'ter-niz    (Wb.),     not    fra-tSr'nias 

(Wor.),  nor  frSt'er-niz  (Hal.), 
fratricide — ^frat'ri-sid,  not  fra'trl-sTd. 
frequent,  '^erh — fre-kwent',  not  fre^kwent. 
frontier — frSn'ter,  not  friin'ter,  nor  fron-ter'. 
futile— fii'tll,  not  fii'til.    So  agile,  fer'tHe,  hos'tfle, 

ser'vlle. 

G. 
Gallant,  ^oZ/^e— gal-lant' ;  Sra^e— gal'lant. 
gallows — ^gSl'loz,  not  gSl'lus.    See  bellows, 
gaseous — gSs'e-us,  not  gSz'e-us,  nor  ga'ze-us. 
gaunt — ^gant,  not  gawnt.    So  gauntlet.   See  daunt, 
genealogy— jSn-e-Sl'o-ji,  not  je-ne-Sl'o-jL 
generally— j  en'er-al-ll,  not  j  en'riU-lI. 
genius— jen'yus,  not  je'ni-us  ;  pi.  jen'yus-ez.    But 

genius,  a  5/?^V^^je'ni-us ;  pi.  je'nI-T. 
geography— je-6g'ra-fi,  not  j6g'ra-fL     So  ge-6m'" 

e-try,  Tio^  j5m'e-trl. 
gerund — jer'und,  Tioif  je'rund. 
geyser — gi'ser,  not  gi'zer,  nor  ge'ser. 
giaour — jowr. 

glacial — gla'shK-al,  not  gla'shal  (Wb.). 
glacier— glSs'r-er  (St).,  not  gla'sher  (Wb.),  nM 

gia'shi-er  (Imp.),  nor  gla'ser. 

The  best  usage  and  authority  are  decidedly  in  tavor  ot  gWi^. 


18  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

gladiolus — gla-di'o-lus,  not  gla-di-6'lus.  But  glad'- 

i-ole. 
god — ^god,  not  gawd. 

"Assumes  the  god, 
Affects  the  nod, 
And  seems  to  shake  the  spheres."— 

Alexander's  Feast. 

gondola — gon'do-la,  not  gon-do'la. 
gone — gSn,  nx)t  gawn.     So  beg6ne,  long,  prong, 
s6ng,  strong,  throng,  wr6ng. 

The  Boand  of  o  in  these  words  is  neither  so  short  as  in  not,  nor  so  long  as 
in  naught. 

"  To  give  the  extreme  short  sound  to  such  words  is  affectation ;  to  give  them 
the  full  sound  of  broad  a  is  vulgar." —  Webster. 

gospel — gos'pel,  not  gaws'pel. 

government— guv'ern-ment,  not  guv'er-munt.     So 

par'liament,  pru'dent,  superintend'ent,  etc. 
granary — ^gran'a-ri,  not  gra'na-rl. 
gratis — gra'tis,  not  grat'is,  nor  gra'tis. 
grease,  noun — gres ;  verb — ^grez.     So  grea§'y. 
grimace — gri-mace',  not  grim 'ace. 
guardian — gard'i-an,  not  gar'jan,  Tior  gar-den', 
guillotine — gil'lo-ten  ;  verb,  gil-lo-ten'. 


Half — haf,  not  haf.    So  behalf,  calf,  laugh, 
handkerchief — hang'ker-chlf,  not  hand'ker-chef. 
harass — har'as,  not  ha-ras'. 
haunt — ^hant,  not  hawnt.     See  daunt, 
hearth — harth,  t^o^  herth,  except  in  poetry. 
heather — hS^/^'er,  not  heth'er  (Wor.). 
hegira— he-ji'ra,  not  h^'i-ra  (Imp.), 
height — ^hit,  not  hltth. 
,  heinous — ^ha'nus,  not  han'yua. 
heraldic — ^he-ral'dik. 


ACADEMY    ORTHOEPISfv.  IS 

Jierb— erb,  not  herb.     So  herbage. 

The  Cen.,  Wb.,  and  Wor.  prefer  erh;  the  St.,  Stor.,  and  Imp.,  Aerfti 

herbaceous — her-ba'shus,  not  her-ba'se-us. 

hiccough — ^hik'up,  not  hik'kof. 

history — ^his'to-ri,  not  his'tri.    See  savage. 

"How  large  is  the  number  of  those  who  make  the  distinction  between  the  e 
and  the  o  in  mystery  and  history?  And  yet  in  that  and  in  like  distinction  lie  the 
beauty  and  the  elegance  of  cultivated  speech.  The  slovenly  speaker 'lumps' 
almost  all  such  vowels  into  the  obscure  sound  of  w,  saying  mystur-y,  hisiur~y, 
even  if  he  does  not  go  further  and  say  mystry,  histry."~B.  O.  White. 

homage — h6m'aj,  not  5ni'aj. 

homoeopathy — ho-me-5p'a-thi,  not  ho'me-o-path-i. 

So  al-16p'a-thy,  hy-drop'a-thy. 
horizon — ^ho-ri'zun,  not  h5r'i-zn. 
host'ess — host'es,  not  host'Is.     So  em'press,  bad'- 

ness,  care'less,  harm 'less,  etc.    See  savage. 
humble — hiim'bl,  not  um'bl. 

The  first  is  preferred  by  Webster,  Worcester,  Standard,  and  Centtiry ;  the  sec* 
end  by  Smart,  Cull,  Cooley,  and  others. 

humor — yu'mur,  not  hu'mur.     So  hn'mor-ist. 

.  The  first  is  the  preference  of  Worcester,  Haldeman,  Walker,  Smart,  and  others ; 

f  it  has  second  place  in  Webster,  Standard,  Century,  and  Imperial. 

hygiene — hi'ji-en,    not    hi'jen ;     hl-jl-en'ik,     not 

hi-jl-en'ik. 
hypochondriac — hip-o-k5n'dri-ak,  not  hi-po-.    So 

hj^p-o-chon-drl'a-cal. 
hypocrisy — hi-p6k'ri-sl,  not  hi-p6k'ri-si. 

I. 

Idea— I-de'a,  not  I-dear',  nor  I'de-a;  I-de'al,  not 

I-del'. 
idyl— i'dil,  not  IdfU. 

Ulxistrate — ^il-lus'trat,    not  H'lus-trat.      So  il-lus'- 
\  tra-ted,  il-lns'tra-tive. 

imagery— Im'^-rX  (Wb.)>  not  im'a-jer-I  (Wor.). 


20  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

imbecile — im'be-sil  (Wb.),  i^t  im-b6s'il  (Wor.), 

Twr  im-be-sel'. 
improvise — im-pro-viz',  not  im-pro-vez'  (Wor.). 
incomparable — ^in-kom'pa-ra-bl,  not  in-kom-par'-. 
increase,  noun — in'kres,  not  in-kres'.    See  perfect. 
indecorous — ^in-de-ko'rus.     See  decorous, 
indicatory — in'dJ-ka-to-ri,  not  in-dik'a-to-rl.    But 

in-dlc'a-tive. 
indisputable— in-dls'pu-ta-bl,  not  in-dis-pu'ta-bl. 
inertia — ^in-er'she-a,  not  in-er'sha. 
inexorable — in-eks'o-ra-bl,  not  in-eks-o'ra-bl. 
inexplicable — in-eks'pll-ka-bl,  not  in-eks-pllk'a-bl. 
infantile — ^Jn'fen-til,  not  in'fan-til.     So  in'fan-tine. 

See  juvenile. 

The  Century  and  the  Standard  prefer  in '/an-tiZ,  which  has  the  support  of  analogy 
and  the  best  usage.  Webster,  Stormonth,  and  the  Imperial  hold  to  the  old  in' fan-til. 

innate — ^in-nat',  not  in'nat  (Wb.). 

inquiry — ^in-kwrri,  not  In'kwi-ri.    So  en-qul'ry. 

integral — In'te-gral,  not  in-te'gral. 

interest — In'ter-est,  not  in'trest. 

interested — In'ter-est-ed,  n^t  in-ter-est'ed.    So  In'- 

ter-est-ing. 
interstice — ^in'ter-stis    (St.   and    Cen,),    not    in- 

ter'strs.  (Wb.). 
intrigue,  noun  and  verb — in-treg',  not  in'treg. 
iodide — i'o-did.     So  i'o-dine.     See  bromide, 
irrefragable — ir-ref'ra-ga-bl.       So    ir-ref'u-ta-ble, 

ir-iep'a-ra-ble,  ir-rev'o-ca-ble. 

There  Is  ample  authority  for  saying  ir-re-fut'a-U,  if  that  form  better  pie 


irremediable — ir-re-me'dl-a-bl. 

isolate — is'o-lat  (Cen.,  St.),  not  i'so-lat  (Wb.),  nor 

iz'o-lat  (Wor.).     So  is-o-la'tion. 
italic — ^i-tal'ik,  not  i-tarik. 


ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST.  31 

J- 

Jaunt — jant,  not  jawnt.    See  daunt. 

javelin — jav'lin,  not  jav'e-lin. 

jocose — jo-kos',  Tio^jo'kos. 

jocund— jok'und,  tio^  jo'kund. 

joust — just,  Tio^jowst. 

judgmeni^juj'ment,  not  -munt. 

jugular — ju'gu-lar,  not  jug'u-lar. 

juvenile— jti've-nfl,  not  juVe-nil,  So  in'fan-tfle, 
im'be-cfle,  mer'can-tfle,  pu'er-Ile,  rep'tile, 
mar'i-tlme,  mas'cu-line,  lib'er-tine. 

The  New  Imperial  holds  to  the  antiquated  pronuuciation  Vs  and  7n<  for  nearly 
all  the  words  of  this  class. 

L. 

Label — la'bel,  not  la'bl.     So  li'bel,  trav'el,  can'cel, 

mod'el,  mor'sel,  nov'el,  nick'el,  pan'el,  reb'el, 

se'quel,  etc, 
laboratory — IS-b'o-ra-to-rl,  not  lab'ra-to-ri. 
lamentable — ^lam'en-ta-bl,  Tiot  la-ment'a-bl. 
languid — lang'gwid.  not  lan'gwid.     So   lan'guor, 

ban'quet,  san'gulne,  tran'quil,  van'quish. 
laugh — ^laf,  njot  laf. 
launch — ^lanch,  not  lawnch.     So  craunch,  haunch, 

staunch, 
laundry — lan'drl,  not  lawn'drl.    So  laun'dress. 
lava — laVa,  not  la'va. 

All  of  the  latest  authorities  agree  upon  idlva  ;  the  second  form  is  thoroughly 
antiquated. 

learned,    adj. — lem'ed,    not    lemd       So    a'ged, 
bless'ed,  be-lov'ed,  curs'ed,  peak'ed,  wing'ed. 

The  e  is  generally  omitted  in  compounds,  as  fuU  dg^d,  sheath-toing'd,  two- 
legg''d.  "  In  all  cases  where  it  should  properly  be  sounded,  its  omission  is  a 
mark  of  great  vulgarity."— TFeftater. 

When  each  words  are  used  as  participles,  the  e  is  not  sounded.  In  Poetry  ed 
is  o"*"'  made  a  dlstioct  syllable  for  the  sake  of  the  meter. 


23  ACADEMY    OBTHOEPIST. 

legend — ^1^'end,  not  le'jend. 

legislature — ^lej'is-lat-yur,   not    lej-is-lat'yur,    nm 

le-jisla-tur.    So  leg'is-la-tive. 
leisure — le'zhur,  Twt  lezh'ur. 
lenient — ^le'ni-ent,  not  len'i-ent. 
lethargic — ^le-thar'jik,  not  leth'ar-jik. 
levee,  reception — le-ve';  embankment — lev'e. 

The  tendency  (supported  by  Cen.  and  St.)  is  toward  le-ve'  in  botli  senses. 

lever — ^le'ver,  not  lev'er.    But  lev'er-age. 
lichen — ^li'ken,  not  lich'en. 

"  The  pronunciation  Vi'Tien  appears  to  be  eupported  by  the  best  usage  among 
American  botanists."— JForcesfer. 

lief— lef,  Tioniv.    *'.iust  as  lief." 

lieutenant — lu-tSn'ant  (Wb.),  not  ISv-  (Wor.),  nor 

Igf.. 
literature — ^lit'er-at-jrur,  nA>t  lit'er-a-tur,  nor  llt'- 

er-a-choor.    So  ap'ert-Hre,  car'i-cat-iire,  min'- 

i-at-ure,    tem'per-at-ure,    pre'fect-iire,    fur'- 

nit-ure. 

There  is  much  diversity  among  the  orthoSpists  as  to  the  manner  of  indicating 
the  proper  pronunciation  of  the  last  syllable  of  words  of  this  class.  Webster 
writes  fur'nl-tUre,  pre'fect-Ure  ;  Haldeman  re-writes  these  fur'ni-tyur,  pre'fek- 
tiir.  All  agree  that  the  sound  of  u  here  is  equivalent  to  yu.  Compare  sncces- 
eively  the  words  ad-vent'ure,  leg'is-lat-ure,  fur'nit-ure,  lU'er-at-nre,  in  which 
there  is  a  gradual  change  of  sound,  but  in  quantity  only. 

lithe — \\t7i,  not  lith.     So  lithe'some. 

livelong — llv'15ng,  not  lTv'16ng. 

loath,  adj. — ^loth,  not  loth,  nor  18th. 

loathe,  Tierb — ^lo^>^.    So  loath'some. 

low,  'oerO—lo,  not  loo.     "lowing  herd." 

luxuriant — liigz-u'ri-ant,  not  luks-u'-.    So  lu?n'- 

riance,  lu^u'rious. 
lyceum — ^li-se'um,  n^t  U'se-um. 


ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST.  23 

M. 

Maelstrom — marstnim,  not  mel'strom,  nor  mal', 
maintenance — man'ten-ance,  not  man-tan'ance. 
majolica — ma-jdl'i-ka,  not  ma-ydll-ka  (Hal.). 
vhbM,  a  public  walk — msl;  a  mallet — mawl. 
maniacal — ma-ni'a-kal,  Twt  ma'ni-ak-al. 
manor — man'or,  not  ma'nor.    So  man'or-house. 
maritime — mar'l-tim,  not  mar'i-tim. 
masculine — mas'kn-lln,   not  -lin.      So  fem'i-nlne, 

in'fan-tlne,  lib'er-tine.     See  juvenile, 
massacring — mas'sa-kring,  not  mas'sa-ker-ing. 
matron — ma'tron,  not  mat'ron.    So  ma'tron-ly ;  but 

mat'ron-age,  mat'ron-al,  mat'ron-ize. 
matutinal — ma-tu'ti-nal(St.),  not  mat-u-ti'-(Wb.). 
mausoleum — maw-so-le'um,  not  maw-sole-um. 
mayoralty — ^ma'ur-al-ti. 
mediaeval — me-dl-e'val,  not  med-i-e'val. 
medicine— med'i-sin,  not  med'sn. 
memoir — ^mSm'-wor,  not  me'mwor. 
menagerie — ^men-^'e-ri  (Cen.,  St.),  not  men-Szh'- 

e-ri  (Wb.),  nor  men-azh'e-ri. 
mercantile — ^merlcan-til,  not  merlcau-til  (Imp.), 

nor  -tel.    See  juvenile, 
microscope — mi'kro-skop,   not  mik'ro-sk6p.     So 

mi-cro-sc6p'ic,  mi'cro-sco-pist,  mi-cr6s'co-py. 
mineralogy — min-er-aro-jl,  not  min-er-6ro-j!. 
mirage — ml-razh',  not  me-razb',  nor  mir'aj. 
mischievous — mls'cbe-vus,    not   mis-che'vus.     So 

mls'chiev-ous-ness,  mls'chiev-ous-ly. 
misconstrue — mis-kon'stroo,  not  mis-kon-stroo'. 
mistletoe — miz'zl-to,  not  mis'sl-to. 
mobile — mS'bfl,  not  mo-bel',  nor  mdb'U. 
mock — m6k,  not  mawk.    See  gone. 


24  ACADEMY    OETHOEPIST, 

monad — mSn'ad,  not  mo'nad. 

monomania — mon-o-ma'ni-a,    Twt    mo-no-ma'n!-aK 

So  mon-o-ma'ni-ac. 
morphine — mor'f In,  not  mdr'fen. 
moss — ^mds,  nx)t  maws.    See  cloth, 
moth — m6th,  nx)t  moth ;  pi. — m6^^s,  not  mSths. 
mountain — mown'tin,  not  mown'tn,  nor  mown'tan. 

So  fonn'tain,  cer'tain,  cur'tain,  etc. 
museum — ^mu-ze'um,  not  mii'ze-um. 
mustache — mus-tash',  not  mus't&sh. 
my,  w7^  emphatic — mi;  unemphatie — ml;  neoer 

me. 

The  second  fand  mostcommon)  Bound  is  that  of  obscure  i  in  mi-nate',  or  very 
nearly  that  of  y  in  only.  "  This  sound,  however,"  says  Webster,  •'  should  not  be 
given  in  seriona  or  solemn  disconrse,  nor  'should  the  y  ever  be  turned  into  long  «, 
after  the  Irish  fashion, '  I  took  down  mee  hat.' " 

mystery — ^mis'ter-i,  not  mis'try.    See  history, 
mythology— mT-thSro-jI,  not  mi-th61'o-ji. 

N. 
Naiad — ^nS'yad,  not  nS'ad,  nor  nl'ad. 
naive— na'ev ;  naively— na'ev-ll ;  naivete — ^na'ev-tS. 
nape — nap,  not  nap. 
nasal — na'zal,  not  na'sal. 
national — nash'un-al,  not  na'shun-al.    So  nS-tion- 

al'i-ty. 
nausea — naw'she-a,  not  naw'se-a ;  nauseous — ^naw'- 

shus. 
neither — ne'^Aer,  not  ni'ther.    See  either. 
nephew — ^nSf '301,  n^t  nSv'jru  (English). 
nescience — nSsh'I-ence,  not  nSsh'ence. 
neuralgia — nu-ral'ji-a,  n/)t  nu-rari-ji,  n,or  nu-rS,l'ji. 
nicotine — nlk'o-tin,  not  nik'o-ten.    See  bromine. 


ACADEMY    0RTH0EPI8T.  25 

nomenclature— ud'men-klat-yur,     not     no-men- 

klat'yur. 
nominative — n6m'l-na-tlv,  Twt  n6m'na-tlv. 
none — nun,  not  non. 
nothing— niith'ing,  not  nSth'ing. 
novel — n6v'el,  not  n5v'l. 
nuisance—nu'sance,  not  nu'I  sance,  nor  noo'-» 

O. 

Oasis — O'a-sls,  not  o-^'sis  ;  pi.,  o'a-sez. 
oath — oth,  not  oth ;  pi.,  oths,  not  oths. 
obeisance — o-ba'sance,  not  o-be'sance.    So  o-bei'- 
sant. 

Webster  is  almost  alone  in  preferring  o-6i'sance. 

obligatory — 6b'li-ga-to-ri,  not  ob-llg'a-to-ri. 
oblique — ob-lek',  not  ob-lik'. 
obsequies — ob'se-kwiz,  not  ob-se'kwlz. 
obsolete — 6b'so-let,  not  ob-so-let'. 
occult — ok-kiilt',  not  5k'kult. 
octavo — ok-taVo,  not  ok-taVo. 

Haldeman  alone  permits  the  second  eoand ;  bat  it  is  much  lued  by  carefnf 
speakers. 

office— Sf'fis,  not  aw'fis.    So  5f' fer,  6fl.    See  cloth. 

often — 6f 'n,  Tiot  6f' ten. 

defiant— o-le'fi-ant    (Wb.,    St.),    not   i5le-fi-ant 

(Cen.),  nor  o-lSf'K-ant  (Wor.). 
omega— o-m§'ga  (Wb.  and  Wor.),  n/)t  o-mSg'a. 

nor  5'meg-a. 
omelet — dm'e-let,  not  6mlet. 
onerous — 6n'er-us,  not  o'ner-us. 
only — on'll,  not  un'll. 
onjrx — d'niks,  not  Sn'iks  (Hal.), 
opponent — op-p6'nent,  not  6p'po-nent- 


26  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPISr. 

opportune — op-por-tun',  not  6p'por-tun. 
orchestra — dr'kes-tra,    Tiot   or-k6s'tra.     So    or'- 

cheis-tral, 
orchid — or'kid.     So  orchis — or'kis. 
ordeal — or'de-al,  not  or-de'al. 
orison — 6r'i-zun,  not  5r'i-sun. 
ornate — or'nat,  not  or-nat'. 
orthoepy — 6r'tho-e-pi,   not  or-tho'e-pi.     So  or'- 

tho-e-pist. 

We  Bhonid  like  to  adopt  the  second  pronanciation,  but  Webster,  Worcester, 
Walker,  Smart,  Haldeman,  and  the  Imperial  do  not  favor  it. 

overt — o'vert,  nx)t  o-vert'. 

oxide — 5ks'id^  not  5ks'id.    See  bromide. 

oyer — 6'yer,  not  oi'er. 

P. 

Pageant — ^p^'ent,  not  pa'jent  {antiquated).     So 

pag'eant-ry. 
palfrey — ^pa-wl'£ri,  not  pSl'fri. 
panorama — ^pan-o-ra'ma,  not  pan-o-ra'ma. 
pantomime — ^pan'to-mim,  not  pan'to-min. 
parent — par'ent,  not  pa'rent.    So  par'ent-age. 
parietal — ^pa-ri'e-tal,  not  pa-ri-e'tal. 
parquet — par-ka',  not  par-kgf. 
partiality — par-she-aFi-ti,  not  par-shal'I-ti. 
participle— par'tl-si-pl,  not  part'sl-pl. 
partner — part'ner,  not  pard'ner. 
patent — pSt'ent,  not  pa'tent. 
patriot — pa'tri-ot,    not   pat'ri-ot.     So   pa-trl-ot'ic, 

pa'trl-ot-ism. 
patron — pa'tron,  not  pat'ron.    So  pa'tron-ess ;  but 

pat'ron-age,  pat'ron-al,  pat'ron-ize. 
peculiar — ^pe-kul'yar,  not  pe-ku'li-ar.    So  pe-cul- 

iar'i-ty. 


ACADEMY    OKTHOEPIST.  27 

pecuniary — pe-kun'ya-ri,  not  pe-ku'ni-a-ri. 

pedal,  noun — ped'al ;  adj.,  pe'dal. 

penitentiary — pen-i-ten'sha-ri,  n^t  pen-I-ten'shi-a-ri. 

penult — pe'nult,  not  pe-niilt'. 

The  best  authorities  permit  us  to  say  pS'nuU,  but  not  ani^'ntdt. 

peremptory — per'em-to-ri,  not  pe-rem'to-ri. 
perfect,  verb — ^per-fSkt',  not  per'fekt. 

This  marking  is  preferred  by  Haldeman,  permitted  by  Webster  and  others, 
and  accords  with  general  usage.  It  conforms  to  the  general  rule  for  distinguish- 
ing by  the  accent  between  the  verb  and  the  noun  or  adjective.  A  few  other 
cases  of  this  kind  are  about  settled  by  good  usage,  as  per'mit,  per'fume, 
de'tail,  re'tail,  in'crease,  sur'vey,  with  the  yerhs  permit' ,  perfume' ,  detail',  retail', 
increase',  survey'. 

perfume,  noun — ^per'fum  (Wb.  and  Wor.),  not 
per-fum'.     See  perfect. 

perfunctory — ^per-ffink'to-ri,  not  per'funk-to-rl. 

permit,  noun — per'mit,  not  per-mit'.  See  per- 
fect. 

petal — ^pSt'al,  Tio^pe'tal. 

phalanx — f^'anks,  not  falanks. 

The  first  marking  is  supported  by  Stor.,  Imp.,  Ency.,  Hal.,  Smarts  and  by  good 
Usage  ;  the  flecoud  is  preferred  by  Wb.,  Cen.,  St.,  and  Wor. 

pharmaceutic — far-ma-sii'tik.    So  phar-ma-ceu'tist. 
philosophy — fI-16s'o-f I,  not  f i-15s'o-f I. 
phonics — fSn'iks,  not  fo'niks. 
phosphorus — f5s'fo-rus,  not  fos-for'us 
pianist — pi-a'nist,  nx)t  pe-an'ist,  nor  pe'an-ist. 
piano-forte — pl-a'no-for'ta,  not  pe-an'o-fort. 
pilaster — pi-las'ter,  not  pfl'as-ter,  nor  pi'las-ter. 
piquant — pflc'ant,  not  pe'kant. 
placard — plSk'-ard,  not  pla-kSrd'. 

The  new  books,  except  M'ebster,  all  say  p/aAr'ard  and  «5t/o/'or,— pronunciations 
which  have  become  established  by  almost  universal  usage,  in  spite  of  the  dic- 
tionaries. 

plagiary— pla'ja-ri,  not  pla'ji-a-ri.  So  pla'giar-ism, 
pla'giar-ize. 


28  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

plebeian — ple-be'yan,  not  ple'be-an. 
plenary — ^pl§'na-r)[,  not  plSn'a-ri. 

The  first  is  favored  by  a  large  majority  of  the  authoritiee. 

plethoric — ple-thdr'ik,  not  plgth'o-rik  (Hal.). 

poignant — poi'nant,  not  poin'yant. 

porcelain— por'se-lin,    not  por'se-lan,  nxyr  pors'- 

lan,  nor  pors'lin,  nor  pdrslan. 
portent — por-tent',  not  por'tent. 
possess — poz-z§8',   not  pos-ses'.     So  pos-ses'sive, 

pos-ses'sion. 
precedence — pre-se'dence,  not  pres'e-dence. 
precedent,  noun — pres'e-dent ;  adj.,  pre-se'dent. 
predecessor — pred-e-ses'sur,  not  pre-de-ses'snr. 
predilection — pre-dl-lSk'shun,  not  pred-Mek'shun. 
prelude,  noun — ^prSl'ud,  not  prelud  (Wb.) ;  verb, 

preJud'. 
premier — ^pre'mi-er,  not  prem'yer,  nor  prSm-ya'. 
presage,  noun — prSs'^,  not  pre's^  (Wb.);  verb, 

pre-saj'. 
prescience — prg'shi-ence,  not  pre'sbence,  nor  presb'-. 

ence. 
presentation — piez-en-ta'shun,  not  pre-zen-ta'shun. 
presentiment — pre-sen'tl-ment,  not  pre-zent'ment. 
prestige — prgs'ty,  not  pres-tezh'. 
presumptuous — pre-zumt'u-us,  not  pre-zump'shus. 
pretence — pre-tence',  not  pre'tence. 
preterite — prSt'er-it,  not  pre'ter-it  {antiqv/ited). 
pretext — pre'tekst,  not  pre-t6kst'. 
pretty — prit'tl,  not  prSt'ti. 
pristine — pris'tin,  not  pris'tin,  Twr  -ten. 
probity — ^pr6b'i-ti,  not  pro'bl-tl. 
process — prSs'es,  not  pro'ses. 
produce — pr6d'uce,  not  pro'duce. 


ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST.  29 

profile— prS'fel  (Cen.,  St.,  Wor.),  TiotprQ'fa  (Wb.), 

nor  pro'f  il. 
progress — prog'res,  not  pro'gres. 
prolix — ^pro-llks',  not  pro'liks. 
prologue — prO'ldg,  not  prdl'Sg. 

Webster,  Stonnonth,  the  Century,  the  Standard,  and  the  Imperial  favor  the 
first  form  ;  Worcester,  Walker,  Smart,  and  others,  the  second. 

promenade — ^prom-e-n^d'  (Wb.)j  not  prom-e-nSd' 

(Imp.). 
promulgation — ^prdm-ul-g3'shun  (Wor.),  not  pr6- 

mul-ga'shun  (Wb.).    So  pr5m'ul-ga-tor. 
pronunciation — ^pro-niin-shi-S'shun,   not  pro-nun- 

si-a'shun.     So   re-nun-ci-a'tion,    con-sci-en'- 

tious.    See  association. 

'*  The  majority  of  the  anthorities  are  in  ftivor  of  the  sound  of  sh  (in  these 
words]  ,  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wheaton  says,  in  his  '  Travels  in  England,' '  I  was 
a  little  mortified  at  having  my  Yankee  origin  detected  by  my  omitting  to  give 
the  full  Bonnd  of  sh  in  the  word  pronunciation.''  "—  Worcester. 

protestation — pr6t-es-ta'shun,  not  pro-tes-ta'shun. 

provocative — ^pro-v6'ka-tiv,  not  pro-v6k'a-tIv 
(Smart). 

provost,  a  civil  ojfflcer — prSv'ust ;  a  military  oficer, 
pro-v6'. 

prussic — prtts'ik,  not  "prS^B'ik.,    "  prussic  acid." 

puerile — pu'er-ifl,  not  pu'er-fl  (Imp.).  See  juve- 
nile. 

puissance — pii'is-sance,  not  pu-is'sance.  So  pu'^ 
is-sant. 

pumpkin — piimpldn,  not  piink'in. 

purport,  nx)un  and  nerh — pur'port,  not  pur-port'. 

pygmean — pig-me'an,  not  pig'me-an. 

pyramidal — pi-r^ml-dal,  not  pir'a-mid-al. 


30  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

Q-       . 

Quadrille — ^kwa-dril',  not  ka-drfl'. 

quandary — ^kw6n'da-ri    (Wb.),    not   Irwon-da'ri 

(Wor.). 

The  form  kvxm-da'H  has  the  support  only  of  Stormonth,  Worcester,  and  the 
older  English  authorities.    It  is  wholly  disregarded  in  America. 

quarantine,  noun — kw6r'an-ten ;  verb^  kwor-an-ten'. 
quash — ^kwSsli,  not  kwash. 
quay — ^ke,  not  kwa. 

quinine — ^kwi'nin,  not  kwin'in,  nor  kwi-nin',  nor 
kin-en^ 

The  last  pronunciation,  though  very  common,  has  almost  no  authority  in  the 
books. 

quoth — kwothi,  n^t  kwiith. 

R. 

Raillery — ^ral'er-!,  not  rarer-Y. 

rapine — rapin,  not  ra'pen,  nor  ra-pen'. 

rather — rith'er,  not  rUth'er,  nor  luth^er. 

ration — ra'shxm,  not  rSsh'un. 

rational — rash'un-al,  not  ra'shun-al.    So  ra'tiou-al- 

ist,  ra-tion-ari-ty. 
rationale — rash-i-o-na'le. 
realization — re-al-i-za'shun,  not  re-al-iz-a'shun.    So 

civ-il-I-za'tion,  crys-tal-li-za'tion,  fer-tl-li-za'- 

tion,  nat-u-ral-l-za,'tion,  etc. 
receptivity — res-ep-tiv'i-ti,  not  re-sep-tivl-tl.    ' 
recess — re-ses',  never  re'ses. 
reciprocity — res-I-pros'I-tl,  not  re-si-pr6s'l-tl. 
recitative — ^res-1-ta-tev',  not  re-sit'a-tiv. 
recluse,  n/)un  and  adj. — re-klus',  not  re-kluz',  no7 

reklus. 
recognizable — ^rSk'og-niz-a-bl,  not  re-k6g'ni-za-bl. 


ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIfeT.  31 

recognizance — re-kdg'i^-zance,  not  re-kdn'i-zance. 

See  cognizance. 
recondite — ^rSk'on-dit,  not  re-k6n'dit. 
recourse — re-korce',  not  re'korce. 
recusant — ^re-ku'zant,  not  rSk'u-zant.     So  re-cu'- 

§an-cy. 
referable — refer- a-bl ;  also  written  and  pronounced 

re-fei''ri-ble. 
reflex — re'fleks,  n^t  re-fleks'. 
refluent — ^ref  lu-ent,  not  re-flii'ent. 
refutable — re-fiit'a-bl,  not  ref 'u-ta-bl. 
relaxation — re-laks-a'shun  (Wb.,  Cen.,  St.),  not 

rSl-aks-a'shun  (Wor.). 
remediable — re-me'di-a-bl. 
remediless — ^rSm'e-di-les,  not  re-mSdl-les. 

Webster  stands  almost  alone  for  the  second  pronnnciation. 

rendezvous — ren'de-vob,  not  ron'da-voo. 

renunciation— re-nun-shi-a'shun,  not  re-nun-sl-.  See 
association. 

reptile — rgp'til,  n^t  rSp'til  (Imp.).    See  juvenile. 

requiem — ^relcwi-em,  nx>t  rSk'wi-em. 

research — ^re-serch',  not  re'serch. 

resignation — rez-ig-na'shun,  not  res-ig-na'sliun. 

resource — ^re-sorce',  not  re'sorce. 

respirable — re-spir'a-bl,  not  res'pi-ra-bl.  So  re- 
spir'a-to-ry. 

retail,  noun^  re'tkl ;  xerh,  re-tal'.     See  perfect. 

retroact — re-tro-Skt',  not  rSt-ro-2kt'.  So  re-tro- 
ac'tion ;  re'tro-cede,  re-tro-ces'sion ;  re'tro- 
vert,  re-tro-ver'sion.  But  ret'ro-grade,  ret- 
ro-gres'sion ;  r§t'ro-spect,  ret-ro-spec'tion. 

Webster  prefers  r8-  in  all  these  words ;  liut  good  asage  has  little  regai-d  for 
consistency. 

revolt— re*v6lt',  n^t  re-vdlt'.     So  re-volt'ing. 


311  ACADKMY    OB'THOEFIST. 

rhythm — ^rithm,  not  xithm.     So  rhyth'mic,  rhytV. 

mical. 
rise,  noun — ris,  nx)t  riz. 
robust — ro-bust',  not  ro'bust. 
romance — ro-mance',  Tiot  ro'mance. 
root — ^root,  not  root. 

"  [Learning]  knit  her  brows,  and  itamped  her  angry  foot 
To  hear  a  teacher  call  a  root  a  root."'— Oliver  WendeU  Holmm^ 

route — ^root,  nx)t  rovrt  {inelegant). 
routine — rdo-ten',  not  rob'ten,  nor  ro'ten. 
rudiment — roo'di-ment,  not  rii'di-ment,  nor  riid'-. 
ruffian — riif 'yan,  not  rtif 'f  i-an. 
rule — rool,  not  rul.     So  rude,  ru'mor,  ru'ral,  ruth'- 
less,  true,  brute,  etc. 

When  u  is  preceded  by  r  in  the  same  syllable,  it  has  the  sonnd  of  oo  in  foOL 
This  sound  must  be  carefully  distinguished  from  the  regular  long  :SOimd  of  «; 
which  ia  equivalent  to  yu  or  %u,  as  in  beauty,  duty,  music. 

s. 

Sacerdotal— sas-er-do'tal,  not  sa-ser-do'tal. 
sacrifice,  noun — sSk'ri-f  iz,  not  sSk'ri-fis,  Tior  aSkf* 

ri-f  is  (Hal.) ;  verb,  sak'ri-f Iz. 
sacrilegious — sak-ri-le'jus,  not  sak-ri-lij'us. 
saline — sa-lin';  not  salin,  nor  salen. 
sanguine — sang'gwin,  not  san'gwin.    See  languid, 
sapphire — sSf 'fir  (Wb.),  not  sSf 'fur. 
sardonyx — sar'do-niks,  not  sar-d6n'iks. 
sarsaparilla— sar-sa-pa-riria,  not  sas-a-pa-ril'la 
satin — sat'in,  not  sat'n.    So  Lat'in,  not  Lat'n. 
satire — sSt'ir,  not  sSt'er,  nor  sa'ter  (Wor.),  nor 

sa'tir. 

satrap — sa'trap,  not  sSt'rap  (antiquated). 
satyr-  sa'ter  (Wb.),  not  sSt'er  (Cen.,  St.). 
sauntes- -san'ter,  Tio^sawn'ter.    See  daunt. 


ACADEMY    OETHOEPIST.  33 

savage — sav'aj,  not  sav'ij. 

"  It  is  in  the  delicate  but  firm  utterance  of  the  unaccented  vowels  with  correct 
Bound  that  the  cultured  person  is  most  surely  distinguished  from  the  uncultured. 
In  such  words  as  purpose,  favorable,  pliant,  lion,  the  unaccented  vowels  are  made 
short  u  by  slovens  in  speech,  who  pronounce  them  jmrpua,  favonible  (or  favru- 
ble),  piiunt,  liun.  In  like  manner,  such  words  as  damage,  ravage,  savage,  orange, 
are  pronounced  damig,  ravig,  savig,  oring."—It.  G.  While. 

scallop,  verb  and  wowti— skol'lup,  not  skallup. 
scathe — skaif^,  not  skafh.     So  sca^i^ed,  sca^/^ing. 

But  scath — skath. 
scenic — sSn'ik,  not  sen'ik. 
sceptic — skep'tik,  not  sep'tik. 
schismatic,  noun  and  adj. — siz-matlk. 
seamstress — sexn'stres  ( Wb.),  not  sSm'stres  ( Woi ,). 
seckel,  a  small  pear — sekld,  72,0^  sikl. 
secretary — sek're-ta-ri,  not  sek'u-ta-ri.    See  history, 
semi — sem%  not  sem'i,  as  in  sem'i-cir-cle,  sem'i- 

co-lon. 
senile — se'nil,  not  se'nfl,  nor  sen'il. 
sepulture — sep'ult-yur,  not  se-pult'yiir, 
sequel — se'kwel,  not  seTiwil. 
sergeant — sar'jent,  not  ser'jent. 

There  is  but  little  dictionary  authority  for  the  second  pronunciatioa. 

series — se'rez,  rwt  se'ri-ez. 

servile — ser'vfl,  not  ser'vil.    See  futile. 

several — sev'er-al,  not  sev'rul.    See  history. 

sha'n't — shant,  not  shant. 

sheath — sheth,  not  ^Wi ;  pl.^  she^As,  not  sheths. 

shire — shir,    not   sher;    in   compounds — shir,   as 

Berk'shire. 
shone — sh5n,  not  shdn. 

The  first  pronunciation  is  preferred  by  Webster,  Haldeman,  the  Century,  and 
the  Standard,  and  is  generally  heard  in  this  country  ;  the  second  is  preferred  by 
Worcester  and  the  English  orthoepists. 

sibyl— sfb'il,  not  si'bil;  sibylline — sib'U-line,  not 
slbll-Un. 


34  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

simultaneous — si-mul-ta'ne-us,  not  sim-ul-ta'ne-us. 
sinecure — si'ne-kur,  not  sin'e-kur. 
singing — sing'ing,  not  sing'in.    So  reading,  writ'ing, 
even'ing,  morn'ing. 

"  Nine  persons  out  of  ten  say  siiigin  instead  of  singing." — Br.  Peabody. 

"  Tlie  vulgar  practice  of  omitting  to  sound  a  final  consonant  after  another 
consonant  is  so  common,  that  one  would  think  the  organs  of  speech,  in  most 
persons,  were  incapable  of  uttering  the  sound." — Parry  Oynne. 

sir'rah — sir'ra,  not  sgr'ra,  nor  sSr'ra. 
sirup — sir'up,  not  siir'rup  {colloquial). 
sliver — sHv'er  (Wb.),  not  sliVer  (Wor.). 
sloth— sloth,  not  sldth  (Wb.).     So  sloth'ful. 
slough,  a  miry  place — slow ;  the  cast  sMn  of  a 

serpent — sluf. 
sociable — s6'shi-a-bl,  not  s6'sha-bl.     So  so-ci-al'- 

i-ty,  so-ci-a-biri-ty. 
sojourn,  noun  and  verh — so'jurn,  not  so-jum'. 
solder — sdd'er,  not  sdl'der,  nor  saw'der. 
sonorous — so-no'rus,  not  son'o-rus.     So  ca-no'rous. 
soon — soon,  not  soon, 
soothsayer — sobth'sa-er,  not  sob^^'sa-er. 
sorry — sSr'ri,  not  saw'ri. 
sough — suf,  not  sow.    So  sough'ing. 
sovereign — suv'er-in,  not  s6v'er-in. 

The  first  pronunciation  is  American,  the  second  English. 

spaniel — span'yel,  not  span'el. 
species — spe'shSz,  not  spe'shez. 
spheroid — sphe'roid,  not  spher'oid. 
splenetic— sple-ngt'ik  (St.),  not  splgn'e-tik  (Wb.). 
squalid — skwSl'id,  not  skwal'id,  nor  skwawl'id. 
squalor — skwdl'or  (Imp.),  not  skwalor.    See  pla- 
card. 
squirrel — skwiir'rel,  not  skwir'rel,  nor  skwSr'rel. 
stalwart — stawl'wart,  not  stsrwart,  nor  stalVart. 


ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST.  35 

stanch — stanch,    not   stanch,   vwr   stawnch.     See 

launch, 
stereopticon — ster-e-6p'tl-kon,   not  ste-re-6p'ti-kon 

(Wb.). 
stereoscope — stgr'e-o-skSp  (Wor.),  not  ste're-o- 

skop  (Wb.). 
stereotype — st6r'e-o-tip  (Wor.),  not  ste're-o-tip 

(Wb.). 
stirrup — stltr'rup,  not  stSr'rup,  nor  stur'mp. 
stolid — stsrid,  not  stolid. 

strategic — stra-te'jik  (Wb.),  7io^stra-t^'ik(Wor.]. 
strew — stroo,  not  stro. 
strychnine — strik'nin,  not  strflc'nin. 
subsidence — sub-si'dence,  not  STib'si-dence. 
subtile,  thin^  ^%e— siib'tfl,  not  siib'til. 
subtle,  sly^  artful — siiti,  n/it  sub'tl. 
suffice — suf-fTz',  not  suf-f  Is', 
suggest — sug-jest',  not  sud-jest'. 
suite — swet,  not  sut. 
sulphuric — sul-fu'rik,  not  sHrfu-rik.    So  sul-pM'- 

re-ous ;  but  sul'phur-ous. 
supererogatory — su-per-e-rdg'a-to-rl,  not  9u-pf»jr- 

Sr'o-ga-to-ri. 
sur-named — sur-namd',  not  sur'namd. 
survey,  noun — sur'va ;  Tierh,  sur-va'. 
synod— sin'od,  not  sfnod. 

T. 

Tableau— tab-l5',  not  tSblo. 

French  words  whJch  are  semi- Anglicized,  strictly  speaking,  have  no  accent, 
the  voice  resting  with  slightly  increased  stress  upon  the  last  syilahle.  Such 
words  are  UMeaUy  tromseau^  plateau,  etmui,  connoisseur,  coterie,  dettris,  dibut, 
morale,  etc. 

tassel— t&'sel,  not  tds'sl,  nor  taVseL 


36  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

taunt — tant,  not  ta-wnt  {antiquated).    See  daunt 
tedious — te'di-us,  not  ted'yus,  nor  te'jus. 

Worcester  writes  the  pronunciation  of  this  word  tS'dytts. 

telegraphy — te-leg'ra-f  I,  not  tel'e-graf-L    So  te-leg'. 

ra-phist. 
temperature — tgm'per-at-yur,  not  tSm'per-a-tttr, 

See  literature, 
tenet — ten'et,  not  te'net. 
tergiversation — ter-ji-ver-sa'shun. 
thanksgiving — thanks'giv-ing,  not  thanks-giv'ing. 
therefore — thei'iov,  not  ^y^air'for.    But  wherefore—^ 

whair'for,  not  wher'for. 
thousand — ^thow'zand,  not  thow'zan. 
three-legged — thre-16gd',  nx)t  thre-leg'ged. 
tiara — ^ti-5'ra,  not  ti-a'ra. 
tiny — ti'nl,  not  te'nl,  nor  ttnl. 
tirade— ti-rad'  (Wb.)-,  not  ti-rad'  (Wor.),  nor  tfrad. 
tomato — ^to-ma'to,  not  to-ma'to,  nor  to-mat'o. 
topographical — top-o-graf  ik-al,  not  to-po-graf ik-al, 
tortoise — ^tor'tis  (Wb.),  not  tdr'tiz  (Wor.),  nxyr 

tor'toiz. 
tournament — toor'na-ment  (Wor.),    not    tAr'na- 

ment.    So  tour'ney. 
toward — to'ard,  not  to-wawrd' ;  towards — to'ardz. 
tranquil — trang'kwil,  not  tranTiwil.    See  languid, 
transact — trans-akt',  not  tranz-akt'. 
traverse — trav'ers,  not  tra-vers'. 
treatise — tret'is  (Wb.),  not  tret'iz. 
treble — trebl,  not  trib'l. 
tremor — tre'mur,  not  trgm'ur. 
tribune  —trib'Tin,  not  trib'un,  nor  tri-biinf. 
trio— tre'o  (Cen.,  St.),  not  tri'o  (Wb.). 
tripartite — trip'ar-tit,  not  tri-par'tit 


ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST.  3? 

triphthong — ^trif 'thong,      not     trip'thong.      See 

diphthong, 
troth — ^trdth,  not  troth,  nor  trawth. 
truculent — troo'ku-lent,  not  truk'u-lent.    So  tru'- 

cu-lence. 
truths — trooths,  not  troo^^s. 
tuberose — ^tti'ber-os,  not  tub'roz,  nor  tuTbe-roz. 

The  first  form  is  the  preference  of  the  latest  authorities ;  Webster  and  Wor- 
cester give  it  the  second  place. 

turquoise — ^tur-koiz'  (Wb.),  not  tur-kez'  (Wor.), 

ncyr  tur'kwoiz. 
typographical — ti-po-graf  ik-al,  not  tip-o-graf  ik-al. 

So  ty-p6g'ra-phy,  ty-pog'ra-pher. 

U. 

Unctuous — ^iinkt'yu-us,  not  unkt'shus. 
undaunted — un-dant'ed,  not  un-dawnt'ed. 
underneath — un-der-ne^A',  not  un-der-neth'. 
unfrequented — un-fre-kwent'ed,  not  un-fre%went-ed. 
unscathed— un-ska^^d',  not  un-skatht'. 
usage— yii'zaj,  not  yu'sij. 
usurious — yu-zhu'ri-us,  not  yii-zu'ri-us. 
usurp— yii-zurp',  not  yii-surp'.    So  u-§ur-pa'tion. 

V. 

Vagary — ^va-ga'ri,  not  va'ga-ri. 

valet — ^vS/Fet,  not  val'a. 

valuable — vaFu-a-bl,  not  varyu-bl. 

vanquish— vangliwish.Tio^vanliwish.  See  languish. 

vase  — vas  (Wb.),  not  vaz  (Wor.),  nor  vaz,  nor  vawz. 

The  first  pronunciation  is  the  most  rational  and  euphonious,  the  second  la 
the  most  feshionable,  the  third  is  an  affectation  with  ahnost  no  authority,  and 
the  fourth  is  vulgar. 

vaunt — ^vant,  not  vawnt.    See  daunt. 


38  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

vehement — ^ve'he-ment,  not  ve-he'ment.    So  ve'he- 

mence. 
venial — ve'ni-al,  not  ven'yal. 
version — ^ver'shun,  not  ver'zhun. 
victory — vik'to-ri,  not  vik'tur-rf,  nor  vik'tri.    See 

history, 
vindicatory — vin'dl-ka-to-rl,  not  vin-dlk'a-to-ri.    So 

vin'di-ca-tive. 
violoncello — ^ve-o-lon-ch611o,  not  ve-o-lon-sgllo. 
virago — vl-ra'go,  Twt  vi-ra'go. 
virulent — ^vir'u-lent,  not  vur'u-lent.    So  vir'u-lence 
visor — viz'or,  not  vi'zor. 
vizier — ^viz'yer,  not  viz'yer,  nor  vl-zSr'. 
volcano — vol-ka'no,  not  vol-ka'no. 

W. 

Waistcoat — wSsfkot,  not  wgs'kut. 

wassail — w5s'sil,  not  was'sal. 

which — hwlch,  not  wJch. 

wont,  'Gerl)  and  noun — want. 

won't — ^wont,,  not  wiint. 

•wound — ^woond,  rwt  -wcwrnd  {antiquated), 

wreath— reth,  not  lUh  ;  pi.,  rUhz,  not  reths. 

wrong — r6ng,  not  rawng.    See  gone, 

Y. 

Yacht — y6t,  not  yat. 

yesterday — yes'ter-da,  tio^  yls'ter-dft. 

youths — ^yooths,  nx)t  yoothz, 

Z. 

Zealot — zSl'ot,  710^  zgrot. 

zoology — ^zo-Sro-jI,  not  zoo-5Fo-jI.    So  zo-o-lSg'i-  cal 


PROPER    NAMES. 

A. 

Abelard — ab'e-lard. 

About  (Edmond) — a-bob'. 

Adelpbi— a-derf  1,  rmi  a-deFf  I. 

Adonis — a-do'nis,  not  a-d5n'is. 

Adonais— ad-o-na'is.    Shelley's  "Adonais." 

Adriana — ^ad-ri-an'a.     "Comedy  of  Errors.'^ 

^neid — e-ne'id,  not  e'ne-id. 

Agassiz — ^'a-se,  m)t  a-gSs'siz. 

Agincourt — aj'in-kort ;  Fr.,  a'zhaN'kooE.' 

Alaric — ara-rik. 

Alcibiades— al-sl-bfa-dez. 

Alcuin — al'kwin. 

Aldrich — awrdritcli.     So  Alcott,  Alden. 

Alfieri — al-fe-a're. 

All  Pasha — ale  pa-shaw'. 

Anabasis — a-nab'a-sis,  not  a-nab'sis. 

Andre  (Major) — an'dra. 

Andromache — an-drom'a-ke. 

Antiochns — ^an-tfo-kus. 

Aphrodite — af-ro-dfte. 

Appalachian— ap-pa-la'chl-an,  not  -latch'I-an. 

Arab — ar'ab,  not  a'rab.     So  Ar'a-bic,  not  A-ra'bio 

Ariadne — a-ri-ad'ne. 

Arion — a-ri'on,  not  a'ri-on. 

Armada — ar-ma'da,  not  ar-ma'da. 

Arundel — a-run'del,  not  ar'un-del  (English). 

Aryan — ^ar'yan,  nx>t  a'ri-an. 

Asia — a'she-a,  Tioif  a'zha;  Asiatic — a-she-at'ik. 

Auerbach — ow'er-bak,  7?^o^-bak. 

Augean — aw-je'an. 


40  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

Augustiue   (Saint),    the   author — aw'gus-tm ;    the 

town — aw'gus-ten. 
Avon — a'von,  not  av'on. 
Austerlitz — aws'ter-litz,  not  ows'ter-litz  (Ger.). 
Aytoun — a'tun. 

B. 
Bach — ^bak,  not  bak. 
Bagehot  (Walter) — baj'ut. 
Balthazar — ^bal-tha'zar.      "Comedy    of    Errors;" 

"  Merchant  of  Venice." 
Balzac — b3,rzak',  not  bal'zak'. 
Bancroft— bS,ng'kroft,  not  ban^kroft. 
Banqno — ^bang'kwo,  Tio^ban'kwo.     "Macbeth." 
Barabbas — ba-rabTjas,  not  barVbas. 
Bassanio — bas-sa'nl-o,  not  bas-san'-i-o.  "  Merchant 

of  Venice." 
Bastile — bas-tel'. 

Bayard  (Chevalier) — ^ba'ard ;  (Am.  statesman)  bfard. 
Beaconsfield— bek'unz-feld,  not  be'kunz-feld. 
Beatrice — be'a-tris.    "Divine  Comedy";    "Much 

Ado  about  Nothing." 
Beatrice  Cenci — ba-a-tre'cha  chen'che. 
Seattle — be'te,  not  ba'te  (Scotch). 
Beauchamp  (Eng.) — be'cham. 
Beaufort^bu'furt(Am.);  b6'furt(Eng.);  bo'for'(Fr.). 
Beethoven — ba'to-ven. 
Behemoth — ^be'he-moth,  not  be-he'moth. 
Belial— beOi-al. 
Bellini — ^bel-le'ne. 

Belvedere — bel-ve-der'.     "Apollo  Belvedere." 
Beranger — ba'roN'zha'. 

Berlin — ^ber'lln,  not  ber-lin',  nor  bar-len'  (Ger.). 
Berlioz— beBle'o'. 


PROPER    NAMES.  41 

Bernard  (Saint)— ber'nard ;  Fr.  beB'naK'. 

Bingen — bing'en,  not  Wn'jen. 

Bjornson — be-yorn'son. 

Blucher — bloo'ker. 

Boccaccio— bo-ka'cho. 

Boileau — bwa'lo'. 

Boleyn,  Anne — an  bobrin. 

Bologna — bo-lon'ya ;  Boulogne — boo-lon'. 

Bonheur  (Rosa) — b6-nuE'. 

Booth — booth,  not  \t6GtTi. 

Borghese — bor-ga'za. 

Boucicault — ^boo-se-ko'. 

Bourbon— boorlbun,  not  bor'bun.    (Ky.,  burnbun). 

Bronte — br6n'te,  not  br5n'ta. 

Brougham — brob'am. 

Buddha — bobd'da. 

Byzantine — bi-z^'tin,  not  bilz'an-tin. 

0. 

Caedmon — k2,d'mon. 

Cairo— ki'ro  (Egypt) ;  ka'ro  (U.  S.). 

Calais — kal'is,  Tio^ka-la'  (Fr.). 

Calliope — ^kal-lfo-pe,  not  kal-ll-o'pe. 

Cambyses — kam-bi'sez. 

Campbell — kam'bel ;  often  kam'el. 

Canaanite— ka'nan-it,  not  ka'na-^n-It. 

Capuchin — cap-yu-shen'. 

Caribbean — kar-ib-be'an,  not  ka-rib'be-an. 

Carlyle  (Thomas)— kar-lfl',  not  karlil. 

Carracci — kar-rat'che. 

Carthaginian — kar-tha-jin'l-an,  not  kar-tha-jenl-an. 

Cassiopea — ^kas-sl-o-pe'a,  not  kas-sl-o'pe-a. 

Caucasian — ^kaw-ka'shan,  not  kaw-kash'an. 


42  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

Cecil — sSsll,  not  sis'il,  nor  se'sil. 

Cecilia  (Saint) — se-siri-a,  not  se-serya. 

Cellini — chel-le'ne. 

Cervantes — ser-van'tez,  not  ser-van'tez. 

Charlemagne — shar-le-man',  not  -man'. 

Charon — ^ka'ron,  not  char'on. 

Cheops — ke'ops,  not  che'ops. 

Cherbuliez — sher-bu-le-a'. 

Cherubini — ka-roo-be'nS. 

Childe— chad,  not  chad.     "  Childe  Harold." 

Chillon— shil'lon ;    Fr.  shel'yoN'.      "Prisoner  of 

Chmon." 
Chinese — chi-nez',  not  chi-nes'. 
Chopin — sho-paN',  not  cho'pin,  nor  ko'pin. 
Cincinnati — sin-sin-na'ti,  not  sin-sin-nat'ta. 
Cleopatra — kle-o-pa'tra,  not  -pat'ra,  nor  -pa'tra. 
Clive  (Lord) — kllv,  not  klev. 
CloTigh  (Arthur  Hugh) — kluf,  not  klow. 
Cocklbum  (Lord) — kO'bum. 
CoBTir  de  Lion — ktiE  deh  le-ON',     "Richardi,  the 

lion-hearted." 
Coligny — ko-lSn'ye. 
Concord — ^k5ng'kurd,  not  k5n'kord. 
Comeille — ^kor-nal' ;  Fr.  koE-na'ye, 
Correggio — kor-red'j  o. 
Coventry — kiiv'en-tre,  not  kdv'en-tre. 
Crimea — kri-me'a,  not  kri'me-a.     So  Cr!-rae'an. 
Cromwell — krdm'wel,  not  krum'wel. 

D. 

Daniel — dS,n'yel,  not  dan'el. 
Danish — da'nish,  not  dan'ish. 
Dante — dan'te ;  It.  dan'ta. 


PROPEB    NAMES.  43 

JD'Arc,  Jeanne — zhan  daEk'.    Joan  of  Arc. 

Delhi— del'le  (Hindostan) ;  del'hi  (U.  S.). 

De  Quincey — de-kwin'sl,  not  kwin'zi. 

Derby — der'bi,  mJot  dar'bl  (Eng.). 

Descartes— da-kart'. 

Desdemona — dez-de-mo'na,  %o^  des-.    "Othello." 

Diana — di-a'na,  not  di-^'a. 

Disraeli — diz-ra'el-e. 

DobeU  (Sydney)— do-bel',  not  do'bel. 

Dolci  (Carlo) — doFche  ;  Dolce — dorcha. 

Don  Jnan — don  jii'an.    Byron's  "Don  Juan.** 

Don  Quixote — don  kwiks'ot. 

Doric — dSr'ik,  not  do'rik. 

Druid — drdb'id,  not  dru'id. 

Dumas — du-ma'. 

Duncan — dunk'an,  not  dun'kan.    "  Macbeth." 

Durer  (Albert) — dii'rer. 

E. 

Ebers  (Georg) — a'berce,  not  e'berz. 
Edinburgh — Sd'in-bur-rah,  not  Sd'in-burg. 
El  Dorado— el-do-ra'do,  not  el-do-ra'do. 

Elgin — eFgin,  not  §l'jin. 

Elia — e'H-a.    Charles  Lamb. 

Elizabethan — e-llz'a-beth-an,  not  e-liz-a-be'than. 

Erin — e'rin,  nx>t  Sr'in. 

Euphues — yii'fu-ez.    Lyly's  "Euphues." 

European — yu-ro-i)e'an,  not  yu-ro'pe-an. 

Eyre  (Jane) — air,  nx)t  Ire. 

P. 

Falconer — fawk'ner. 

Faneuil — f^'el,  not  fSn'u-il,  7W>r  f tin'el.    ' '  Faneuil 
HalL" 


44  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

Farquhar — far'kwar. 

Faust — lowst,  not  fawst. 

Florentine — ^fldr'en-tiCn,  Tiot  -tin,  nor  -ten. 

Foscari — ^fos'ka-re.    *'The  Two  Foscari." 

Froissart — frois'sart. 

Froude— frood,  Tvot  frowd. 

G. 

Galileo — ^gal-Me'o,  not  ga-lfl'e-o. 

Garibaldi — ^gar-i-bal'di ;  It.  ga-re-bal'dS. 

Gautier — go-te-a'. 

Gawain  (Sir)— gaw'an,  not  ga'wan. 

Genoa  —  j  en'o-a,  not  j  e-no'a. 

Geoffrey — jef're. 

Gil  Bias — hel  bias,  not  zbel  bla. 

Giotto— jot'o. 

Giovanni — ^jo-van'ne. 

Gloucester — ^gl6s'ter. 

Goethe — ^giir'teh. 

Godiva — ^go-diVa.    "Lady  Godiva.'* 

Gottingen — get'ing-en. 

Granada — gra-na'da.    But  Gre-na'da. 

Gratiano — ^gra-she-a'no,  not  -a'no.     "Merchant  of 

Venice." 
Greenwich — grin'i]  (Eng.) ;  gren'ich  (U.  S.) 
Grosvenor — ^grov'nor. 
Guelph — ^gwelf ;  It.  Guelfo — gwel'fo. 
Guendolen — ^gwen'do-len,  not  gwen-do'len, 
Guido  Reni— gwe'do  ra'ne. 
Guinevere  (Queen) — gwin'e-ver. 
Guise — gwez,  not  gez. 
Guizot — ^ge-zd',  not  gwe-z5'. 


FBOPEB    NAMES.  ^ 

GiistavTis   AdolpliTis— gus-ta'vus    a-dSl'fus,     Tiot 

gus-taVus. 
Gutenberg — goo'ten-beEG. 
Guyon  (Sir) — gi'on. 

H. 

Hseckel— hek'el. 

Haidee — hi-de'.     "Don  Juan." 

Handel — han'del ;  Ger.  Handel — ^hgn'deL 

Haydn — ha'd'n;  Ger.  hi'd'n. 

Hegel — ha'gel. 

Heine — ^lii'neh. 

Hellenic — ^hel-lSn'ik,  tio^  hel-le'nik. 

Heloise — a-lo-ez'. 

Hemans  (Mrs.) — hem'anz,  not  he'manz. 

Hermione— her-mi'o-ne,  not  -me'.  ' '  Winter*  s  Tale." 

Hesiod — ^he'sl-od,  not  hes'i-od. 

Heyse — hi'zeli, 

Hindoo — hin-dSo',  not  hln'doo  (Wb.). 

Holinshed — hSl'inz-hed,  Tio^  hoi 'in-shed. 

Horatio — ho-ra'shl-o,  not  ho-ra'sho. 

Hudibras — hii'dl-bras,  not  hii'dl-bra. 

Hugbes  (Thomas) — hiiz,  not  hii'ez. 

Hyperion — hi-pe'ri-on ;  in  the  classics,  hl-pe-ri'on. 

I. 

lago — e-a'go.     *'  Othello." 

Indian — in'di-an,  not  ind'yan,  nor  In'jun. 

Ingelow,  Jean— jen  In'je-16. 

Iowa — I'o-wa,  Tio^i-o'wa. 

Iphigenia — ^if-I-j  e-ni'a. 

Irene — ^i-re'ne,  not  i-ren'. 

Italian — I-tS-l'yan,  not  T-tS-l'yan. 

Ixion— iks-T'on,  not  Iks'i-on. 


40  ACADEMY    0RTH0EPI8T. 

J. 

January — ;ian'u-a-rf.  not  len'u-a-it. 

Japanese — ;iap-an-ez',  not  jap-an-es'. 

Jaques — ^zhak. 

Jean  Paul— jen  pawl,  not  zhoN  powl, 

Jevons — jev'onz,  not  je-v5nz'. 

Jew— ju,  not  }oo\  Judaic — ju-da'ik. 

Joubei-t — zhoo-baiR'. 

Juliet— ju'll-et,  not  jool'yet.    "  Romeo  and  Juliet." 

Jupiter— jii'pi-ter,  tio^  joo'bl-ter. 

K. 

Keble— k§'bl,  710^  kSb'bl. 

Khedive — ^ka-dev',  not  ke'dlv. 
Kossuth — K5sh'oot. 

L. 

Laertes — ^la-er'tez.     "Hamlet." 
Lafayette — ^la-fa-yet',  not  la'fa-et.  [Travels." 

Lagado — la-ga'do.       So   La-pu'ta.       "Gulliver's 
Lalla  Rookh — lal'la  rook,  not  lal'la  rook, 
Lancaster — ^lank'as-ter,  not  lan'kas-ter. 
Laocoon — ^la-6k'o-on. 
Laplace — ^la-plas'. 

Leonato — ^le-o-na'to.    ' '  Much  Ado  about  Nothing." 
Lewes  (G.  H.) — lu'is,  not  lU'ez. 
Leyden — li'dn,  Tiot  15'dn.     "  Leyden-jar." 
Lesseps,  de — deh  la-seiDs'. 

Liddell-Ud'del,  Tio^id'-der.    "Liddell  and  Scott." 
So  Par'nell,  Bush'nell. 

There  is  an  apparent  tendency  in  this  country  to  change  the  accent  of  such 
names  to  the  last  syllable,  as  Cornell',  Battell',  Bedell',  Widell',  Morrell',  Lin- 
nell'.    Some  of  these  are  still  heard  with  the  older  accent. 

linnseua—lin-ne'us.    So  lin-ne'an. 


PEOPER    KAMES.  47 

Liszt — ^Itet. 

Lochinvar — lok-in-var'.    * '  Marmion.  '* 

Lodovico — ^lo-do-ve'ko.     *' Othello." 

M. 

Machiavelian — mak-I-a-v61'y  an . 

Madeira — ^ma-de'ra,  not  ma-ds'ra.  [ho-met. 

Mahomet — ma-hSm'et,  not  ma'ho-met,  nor  xna'- 

"  Ma-hSm'et  is  not  only  the  prevailing  English  pronunciation,  but  it  corre- 
sponds more  nearly  with  the  Arabic."— Z)r.  Thomas. 

Malvolio — ^mal-vo'U-o,  nx)t  mal-voryo.  "Twelfth 
Night." 

Manetho — mS,n'e-tho. 

Medici — med'e-che. 

Meissonier — ^ma-so-ne-S'. 

Mendelssohn — ^men'dels-son. 

Meyerbeer — mi'er-bar. 

Michael  Angelo — mi'ka-el  an'je-lo;  It.  Michelan- 
gelo— me-kel-an'j  a-lo. 

Michaelmas — mik'el-mas. 

Milan— mld'an,  not  ml-lSn',  nor  mi'lan. 

"  The  nsage  of  the  best  English  poets,  as  well  as  of  the  best  speakers,  ia 
decidedly  in  favor  of  the  first  pronunciation."— TTeftster. 

Millais  (English  painter) — mil-la'. 
Millet  (French  painter)— me-ya'. 
Milnes  (Lord  Houghton) — milnz. 
Mississippi— mis-sis-sip'pl,  not  mis-slp'pl. 
Molidre — mo-le-aiB'. 
Moloch — mo'lok,  n^t  mdl'ok. 
Morphens — m  or'f Us. 
Moscheles — m6sh'6h-l§s. 
Mozart — mo-zart' ;  Ger.  Mot'sart. 
Munchausen — miin-chaw'sen. 
Murillo — mu-rtl'lo  ;  Sp.  moo-rel'yo. 


48  ACADEMY    O^THOEPIST. 

N. 

Nevada— ne-va'da. 

New  Orleans — nu  or'le-anz,  not  or-lenz'. 

Niagara — ^ni-Sg'a-ra,  not  ni-Sg'a-ra. 

Niobe — ni'o-be. 

Norwich— nor'ij  (Eng.) ;  nor'ich,  or  n6r'wich(U.  S.) 

Novalis — ^no-va'lis. 

O. 
Oberon — 6b'e-ron,  not  6'be-ron. 
Orion — o-ii'on. 

Orpheus — 6r'fas,  not  or'fe-us, 
Ossian — 6sh'an. 

P. 
Paganini — pa-ga-ne'ne. 
Palestine — ^paFes-tin,  not  pS,l'es-t5n,  Tuyr  -ttn. 
Palfrey — ^pawl'M. 
Palgrave — pawl'grav. 

Palmerston — pam'er-ston,  not  p^l'mer-ston. 
Pariah — ^pa'ri-ah,  not  pa'ri-ah. 
Parisian — pa-rl^'an,  not  pa-riz'e-an 
Penelope — pe-nel'o-pe. 
Pepys — peps,  not  pep'is. 

Persia— per'she-a,  not  per'zha ;  Persian — ^per'shan 
Perugino — pa-roo-je'no. 

Petruchio — ^pe-troo'ke-o.     *'  Taming  of  the  Shrew." 
Philistine— fi-Us'tln.    So  PM-Hs'tln-ism. 
Pleiades — ple'ya-dez,  not  pli'a-dez. 
Poitiers — ^poi-tgrz' ;  Fr.  pwa-te-a'. 
Pompeii— pom-pa'ye.  [Venice." 

Portia — ^p6r'sW-a,  not  por'sM-a.    "Merchant  of 
Ponghkeepsie — po-kip'si. 
Prague — prag,  not  prag. 
Presbyterian — prez-bi-te'ri-an,  not  pres- 


PEOPEB    NAMES.  49 

Prussian — ^prush'an,  not  proo'slian.  [re'an. 

Pythagorean — pith-a-go're-an,     not      pl-thSg-o- 

Pythoness — pith'o-nes,  not  pi'tho-nes. 

B. 

Raljelais— 12,-1313,'. 

Racine — ra-sen'. 

Raleigh — raw'le,  nx)t  r51'e. 

Raphael — raf  a-el ;  in  •'Paradise  Lost,"  rS'fla-eL 

Rembrandt — rem'brant. 

Richelieu— rish'el-yu ;  Fr.  re-shiih-lyuh' 

Robespierre — r5b'es-per ;  F.  rob-es-pe-aiB*. 

Roderigo — ^rod-er-e'go.    "  Othello." 

Rosalind— rSz'a-lind.     "As  You  Like  It."     So 

RSg'a-line,  R5§'a-mond. 
Rossetti  (D.  G.) — ^ros-set'te,  not  roz-z6t't5. 
Rossini — ^ros-se'ne. 
Russian — ^rush'an,  Tiot  roo'shan. 

S. 
Sabiina — sa-brl'na,  not  -bre'na.    **  Comus." 
Salanio — sa-la'ni-o;  Salarino — sa-la-re'no.    "Mer 

chant  of  Venice." 
Samaritan — sa-mar'I-tan,  not  sa-mar'I-taa. 
Savonarola — sa-vo-na-ro'la. 
Schubert — shoo'bert. 
Semiramis — se-mir'a-mis. 
Sinai — si'na-I,  not  si'na. 
Stephano— stef  a-no.    "  Tempest'* 

T. 

Tannhauser — tan'hoi-zer. 

Tarpeian — tar-pe'yan.  ; 

Telemachus — ^te-l6m'a-kus. 


50  ACADEMY    ORTHOEPIST. 

Teniers — ^t6n'e-erz. 

Terpsichore— terp-sik'o-re.    So  Terp-si-cho-re'an. 

Thalia— tha-li'a,  not  tha'U-a. 

Thames — temz  (Eng.) ;  tamz  (U.  S.). 

Theobald— the'o-bawld,  or  tib'bald. 

Thiers — te-ar'. 

Thoreau — ^tho'ro,  not  tho-r6'. 

Thorwaldsen — tor'wawld-sen. 

Titian — ^tlsh'e-an. 

Trafalgar — ^traf-al-gar',  not  tra-fSl'gar, 

Troilus — ^tro'I-lus,  not  troi'lus. 

Tuileries — twe'le-re'. 

Turgeneff— toor-gen'ef. 

The  pronunciation  of  this  name  is  nearly  as  oncertain  ae  the  epelling,  of 
which  there  are  at  least  a  dozen  forms.  The  form  of  each  here  adopted  is  that 
of  the  new  edition  of  Webster. 

Tyrol— tir'ol,  not  iW6V, 

V. 

Vaughan — ^vawn. 

Vecchio — ^vek'ke-o. 

Verdi — ^vSE'de. 

Vemet — vSR'na'. 

Vespasian — ves-pa'zhl-an. 

Vespucci,  Amerigo — a-ma-re'go  ves-pobt'che. 

Vinci,  da — da  vin'che. 

Viola— vl'o-la,  not  vi-6'la.    *'  Twelfth  Night." 

W. 

Wagner — vag'ner ;  not  incorrectly  wS,g'ner. 
Warwick — ^wor'rik  (Eng.) ;  wor'wick  (U.  S.). 
Waterloo — ^wa-ter-l6b'. 
Weber,  von — fon  va'ber. 
Wolsey — wdbl'z]^  not  wdbl'sl. 


Exercises  for  Class-drill. 


IrUroductory  Note. — Some  of  the  following  exercises,  illustrating 
Bpecial  points  and  principles  (such  as  Nos.  I,  II,  IV,  V,  VII,  and 
IX),  may  be  used  while  studying  the  body  of  the  manual ;  but 
before  the  "General  Exercises"  are  attempted,  classes  should  be 
carried  over  the  main  lists  of  words  once  thoroughly.  This  work 
may  best  be  accomplished  by  assigning,  in  connection  with  reading, 
grammar,  literature,  or  other  English  study,  a  certain  portion  for 
each  day's  lesson.  For  the  younger  pupils,  a  few  of  the  more  diffi- 
cult and  uncommon  words  may  be  checked  from  the  list.  Each 
pupil  should  be  provided  with  a  copy  of  the  manual,  in  order  that 
regular  preparation  for  the  exercise  may  be  required,  as  for  any 
other  lesson.  Special  groups  of  words  (as  on  pp.  10,  18,  21,  23,  31) 
must  be  frequently  reviewed.  Any  teacher  who  will  apply  this 
method  thoroughly  for  a  term,  or  a  single  month  even,  will  be 
surprised  at  the  excellent  result,  obtained  at  the  cost  of  but  little 
extra  time — five  or  ten  minutes,  perhaps,  each  day.  It  will  be 
found  that  classes  take  a  live  interest  in  the  work,  when  it  is  made 
a  part  of  their  systematic  work.  Incidentally,  also,  the  exercises 
may  be  made  useful  as  a  means  of  increasing  the  vocabulary  of  the 
pupils,  new  words  being  defined  and  their  uses  illustrated,  as  they 
appear  in  the  successive  lists  assigned. 

I. — Exercise  in  Enunciation. 

Direction, — Read  the  exercise  slowly  at  first,  and  more  rapidly 
with  successive  reviews.  Distinguish  carefully  the  vowel  sounds, 
but  avoid  giving  too  much  force  to  the  unaccented  syllables.  See 
"  Points  to  be  Remembered,"  and  notes  under  history,  p.  19,  and 
savage,  p.  33. 

His'to-ry,  with  its  mys'ter-y  of  my-thol'o-gy  and  bois'- 
ter-ous  vic'to-ries,  is  gen'er-al-ly  more  in'ter-est-ing  than 
the  ac'cu-rate  work  of  a-rith'me-tic  and  ge-om'e-try. 
Hy'gi-ene,  too,  and  sev'er-al  other  sub'jects  are  quite  as 
TaVu-a-ble,  my  guar'di-an  says,  as  al'ge-bra  and  ge-og'- 
ra-phy.  But  I  prefer  the  more  so'ci-a-ble  work  of  the 
lab'o-ra-to-ry,  where  I  often  spend  e-leven'  hours  a  day 
stud'y-ing  ge-ol'o-gy  and  min-er-aVo-gy.  My  par-ti-al'i-ty 
for  these  studies  is  ref  er-a-ble,  perhaps,  to  a  sov'er-eigu 


53   .  ACADEMY   ORTHOEPIST. 

in'ter-est  in  moun'tains,  or  to  the  in-er'ti-a  of  my  i-de'as 
per-tain'ing  to  nora'i-na-tives  and  par'ti-ci-ples,  and  the 
gov'ern-ment  of  the  ac-cu'sa-tive  and  the  ab'la-tive,  or  to 
cer'tain  other  ve'ni-al  of-fens'es  in  Lat'in,  which,  in  the 
judg'ment  of  the  pru'dent  su-per-in-ten'dent,  are  un-par'- 
don-a-ble. 

II. — The  Endings  ent,  ant,  and  ed. 

Note. — A  very  common  fault  is  to  pronounce  ent  and  ant  like 
unt,  and  ed  like  id,  as  fragrunt  for  fragrant,  unitid  for  united. 
In  correcting  the  fault,  do  not  lay  special  stress  on  the  corrected 
syllable. 

I  am  delighted  with  the  good  judgment  of  our  beloved 
superintendent,  in  his  prudent  and  lenient  method  of 
government.  It  is  apparent  that  both  students  and 
parents  are  united  in  commending  his  undaunted  energy 
in  establishing  a  precedent  for  the  improvement  of  the 
precedent  methods.  His  room  is  like  a  parliament,  where 
truculent  disputants,  with  the  aid  of  tedious  ''Liddell," 
learnedly  discuss  the  Anabasis  and  the  truths  of  the  aged 
Hesiod.  The  commencement  of  a  career  here  is  attended 
with  frequent  presentiments  of  failure,  and  poignant 
fears  of  chastisement  for  being  ignorant  of  the  rudiments 
of  Latin. 

III. — General  Exercise. 

The  history  of  Asia  is  exceedingly  interesting,  when 
studied  with  the  acumen  and  appreciation  generally  pos^ 
sessed  by  adults.  The  mystery  of  the  Hindoo  civilization 
and  its  obsolete  mythology,  the  enigmatic  monuments 
of  the  Chinese,  the  pretty  costumes  and  inexplicable 
customs  of  Persia,  all  form  a  romance  as  incomparable 
in  interest  as  the  juvenile  histories  of  Alaric  or  the 
Great  Armada. 

But  travel  in  this  vast  and  unfrequented  area  ig  mor^ 


ACADEMY  ORTHOEPIST.  53 

valuable,  provided  the  traveler  has  the  proper  accessory 
apparatus.  His  best  partners  and  allies  would  be  an 
amateur  from  the  athenaeum,  an  aspirant  for  fame  who 
has  won  Alpine  or  Arctic  honors,  and  a  servant  of  adaman- 
tean  strength.  He  must  have  no  altercation  with  the 
Cyclopean  courier,  who  is  not  amenable  to  discipline.  He 
must  be  abstemious  in  the  use  of  almonds,  apricots,  and 
all  food  containing  albumen,  until  he  is  acclimated. 

IV. — Italian  a  {a). 

Note. — This  sound  of  a,  the  purest  and  most  beautiful  in  the 
language,  is  much  misused.  A  common  tendency,  in  careless  and 
illiterate  speech,  is  to  shorten  it,  as  hMf  for  hMf.  Another  ten- 
dency, especially  with  words  in  au,  is  to  broaden  the  sound,  as 
gavmt  for  gaunt  (see  pp.  13,  31).  It  is  the  most  open  of  all  tlie 
vowel  sounds,  and  it  should  be  practiced  until  it  is  perfectly  clear 
and  distinguishable  from  the  other  sounds  of  a.  The  accompany- 
ing diagram  will  be  found  serviceable  in  illustrating  the  proper 
sound. 


Direction. — Let  the  pupils  give,  in  succession,  the  simple  sounds 

of  the  vowel,  as  marked,  prolonging  each  sound,  thus  :  & , 

a ,  aw ;  aw ,  a ,  & .     (Notice  that  the 

mouth  must  be  opened  to  its  widest  extent  to  form  the  clear  and 
full  sound  of  a.)  Pronounce  the  word  jaunt  in  the  three  forms, 
thus :  j&nt,  jdnt,  jawnt ;  and  so  the  words  launch,  can't,  haunt. 
Review  the  following  exercise  frequently : 

I  saw  the  calf  and  the  cjlt,  but  not  the  fawn. 

Ah  I  you  can't  c^tch  me  gaping  or  yawning,  cSn  you  ? 

The  day  was  calm  a,t  dawn,  and  so  we  carried  the  boat 
and  launched  it  in  the  small  stream. 

I  thought  your  jaunt  on  a  cS,mel  and  walk  among  the 
palms  would  ftdd  to  your  strength  and  make  you  stanch 
again. 


54  ACADEMY  ORTHOEPIST. 

George  was  sauntering  across  the  lawn,  his  heart  beat- 
ing because  of  the  taunt  about  the  piano,  and  his  thoughts 
turbid  as  lava-streams.  Though  usually  undaunted,  he 
was  now  haunted  by  the  fear  that  the  driima  of  life  for 
him  would  be  a  laughing  farce.  But  the  bath  of  fresh 
air  during  his  promenade  was  like  balm  to  his  half-broken 
spirits,  and  with  calm  feelings  he  returned  to  his  father's 
hearth,  like  a  beggar  asking  alms. 

V. — The  Endings  ingr,  ess,  and  encei 

Note. —  The  corrected  syllable  must  not  be  made  prominent. 
Touch  it  lightly,  but  give  to  its  vowel  the  proper  quality.  See 
"  Points  to  be  Remembered,"  and  note  under  singing  p.  34. 

**In  singing,  drawing,  and  dancing,"  said  Papa,  "you 
are  making  progress,  but  I  do  wish  you  were  progressing 
faster  in  reading  and  writing.  In  reading,  grasping  the 
thought  of  each  sentence  quickly,  speaking  the  words 
distinctly,  and  emphasizing  correctly,  are  matters  to  be 
attended  to  with  diligence. 

"Ceaseless  patience  is  necessary,  from  morning  until 
evening,  though  your  experience  may  not  always  be  inter- 
esting. Even  a  princess,  or  a  duchess,  or  an  empress, 
with  countless  wealth,  cannot  become  a  pleasing  hostess, 
without  doing  this  very  work ;  just  as  an  actress,  or  a 
governess,  cannot  gain  excellence  without  studying  long 
and  patiently." 

VI. — General  Exercise. 

Certain  guests  were  at  the  banquet,  bedizened  like  bur- 
lesque caliphs  and  boisterous  capuchins.  Some  were 
chastened  in  temperament  even  to  chastisement  by  the 
chary  smiles  of  the  civil  hostess.  Some  were  comrades 
in  coquetry ;  others  were  connoisseurs  of  art,  conversant 


ACADEMY  ORTHOEPIST.  55 

with  dados,  bass-reliefs,  ceramics,  and  every  artistic  chi- 
mera. The  conservator  and  the  curator  of  the  museum 
were  also  present,  and  a  courtier  with  his  beloved  con- 
fidant. The  cost  of  the  entertainment  was  hardly  com- 
pensated by  the  condolence  of  covetous  friends,  who,  with 
canine  greed  and  feline  cunning,  had  concentrated  their 
interest  upon  the  bouquets,  coffee,  and  cordials.  The 
feast  was  consummated  in  a  way  not  contemplated,  and 
the  comely  hostess,  in  a  tone  of  disdain  and  detestation, 
cried  out  to  the  indecorous  assemblage,  be-gone ! 

VII. — Final  unaccented  a. 

Note. — This  a  must  have  the  sound  of  a  in  father,  but  slightly 
shortened.  Avoid  the  vulgar  forms  a,  1,  and  ar,  as  ex'tra,  com'tni, 
ide'ar,  Em' mar. 

Emma  recited  her  extra  lesson  in  algebra  well,  but  she 
has  no  idea  of  the  proper  use  of  commas.  In  the  lab- 
oratory she  mistook  mica  for  soda,  could  not  demonstrate 
the  law  of  inertia,  and  defined  monad  as  a  form  of 
monomania.  She  also  made  a  lamentable  mixture  of  her 
geography  and  history,  locating  Bologna  in  America, 
China  in  Africa,  and  affirming  that  Diana,  or  St.  Cecilia, 
invented  the  orchestra.  But  she  was  afflicted  with 
neuralgia,  having  been  out  without  an  umbrella  during 
her  trip  to  Iowa  and  Nevada,  and  was  now  confined  to 
the  alpaca-covered  sofa,  under  the  care  of  the  stolid  ser- 
vant Hannah. 

VIII. — General  Exercise. 

Several  dauntless  youths  in  the  Adelphi,  decorous  in 
manners,  and  delighted  with  long  draughte  from  the 
fountains  of  ancient  literature,  could  not  construe  their 
Latin  lesson.    It  was  from  a  mediaeval  dialogue  or  drama, 


66  ACADEMY   ORTHOEPIST. 

with  prologue  and  epilogue,  discovered  by  the  Italian 
poet  Dante,  and  once  translated  (trans,  not  tranz)  by  the 
novelist  Disraeli.  The  disputants  were  a  desperado  who 
dilates  upon  his  exploits  among  mountain  defiles,  with 
endless  details ;  a  diamond  merchant,  who  always  dis- 
counts for  cash  ;  a  dolorous  eleemosynary,  who  is  always 
reclining  on  a  divan  and  expressing  disdain  for  what  he 
calls  the  dynasty  of  dishonest  diplomatists ;  and  divers 
other  characters  with  diverse  peculiarities.  The  students 
made  futile  efforts  to  demonstrate  the  rules  concerning 
diphthongs,  triphthongs,  distichs,  and  discarded  vowels, 
and  disaster  came  upon  them,  resulting  from  deprivation 
of  their  leisure.' 

l^.— Intermediate  o. 

Note. — In  the  dictionaries  this  sound  is  generally  not  distin- 
guished, by  marking,  from  the  ordinary  short  sound  of  o ;  but  in 
this  exercise  it  is  indicated  by  two  dots  over  the  letter.  It  is 
between  the  extreme  short  sound  in  nbt  and  the  extreme  broad 
sound  in  n6r.  The  sound  may  be  obtained  by  slightly  prolonging 
the  short  sound,  but  much  practice  will  be  required  to  give  it  cor- 
\  3ctly  in  all  cases. 


Direction. — Give  in  succession  the  simple  vowel  sound  in  the 
three  forms,  beginning  as  if  to  pronounce  the  word  ddd,  thus  : 

6 ,  6 ,  6 ;  6 ,  6 ,  5 .    (Notice  the 

change  in  position  of  the  lips,  as  the  sound  changes.)  Pronounce 
the  word  gone  in  the  three  forms,  thus :  gdn,  gon,  gon ;  and  so 
cross,  broth,  toss,  cost. 

I  d6dged  when  he  tossed  me  the  ball. 

He  brought  me  the  broth  and  bought  me  the  cloth. 


ACADEMY  ORTHOEPIST.  5"? 

The  strong  oxen  haul  the  huge  log  in  the  6rehard  a 
long  time. 

An  h5nest  man,  without  gloss,  6ught  to  praise  the 
jdcund  songs  of  the  author. 

He  accosted  the  lawyer  across  the  lawn,  who  had  gone 
fdrward  to  escape  the  throng. 

Is  it  n6t  6dd  that  he  so  often  goes  to  the  office  to  6rder 
strong  coffee  6r  some  costly  sdrt  of  food  ? 

While  walking  with  my  dog  beneath  the  soft  shadows 
of  the  fdrest,  to  escape  the  tdrrid  heat,  I  found  along  my 
path  lichens,  drchids,  and  beautiful  moss,  its  glossy  span- 
gles glittering  like  m6ming  frost ;  also  a  th6m-tree,  cov- 
ered with  long,  sharp  prongs,  and  6rnate  with  tossing 
flowers,  light  as  the  froth  of  an  ocean  waye.  Who,  with- 
out wrong  and  loss  to  himself,  could  mock  and  scoff  at 
the  great  God  *  of  nature,  who  offers  us  these  exquisite 
gifts  without  cost ! 

X. — Long  u  (u). 
Direction. — See  notes  under  rvXe,  p.  32,  and  duty,  p.  14. 

The  rude  tutor  makes  rules  at  the  institute  alike  for 
the  true,  the  pure,  the  truant,  and  the  mute.  A  rural 
duke,  or  a  brute  mule,  or  a  nude  statue,  is  not  more  ruth- 
less. The  onerous  duty  of  this  senile  provost  is  to  squash 
the  wassails  of  the  slothful,  in  a  virulent  and  vindicatory 
spirit.  Not  even  the  music  of  the  flute,  or  tunes  upon  a 
lute  will  lure  him,  on  Tuesday,  from  his  cruel  tirade  of 
abuse,  uttered  in  a  tiny,  crude,  treble  voice,  that  made  such 
a  version  of  his  plenary  power  ludicrous.  No  ordeal  of 
oaths,  nor  probity  will  suffice  as  a  permit  to  go  unscathed. 

*  The  extreme  short  sound  of  this  word,  g6d,  would,  perhaps,  be 
suggestive  of  irreverence ;  but  reverence  does  not  require  the  incor 
rect  and  inelegant  broad  sound  ^atr(2. 


58  ACADEMY   ORTHOEPIST. 

The  prestige  of  this  sacrilegious  and  presumptuous  sooth- 
sayer  and  his  synod  is  strategic  pretence,  and  obeisance 
to  such  a  nuisance  is  not  obligatory. 

XI. — Intermediate  a. 

Note. — This  sound  of  a  (indicated  in  this  exercise  by  one  dot  over 
the  letter)  is  very  generally  neglected,  when  not  entirely  ignored. 
Its  utterance  should  be  practiced  until  it  becomes  easy  and  natural  ; 
for  the  sound,  when  correctly  given,  adds  much  to  the  elegance 
of  pronunciation.  It  is  midway  between  a  in  father  and  a  in  mat, 
and  occurs  in  such  words  as  these :  advantage,  after,  alas,  ama^s, 
ant,  ask,  asp,  bask,  basket,  blanch,  branch,  blast,  brass,  cask,  cast, 
castle,  chaff,  chance,  chant,  clasp,  class,  contrast,  craft,  dance,  draft, 
enchant,  enhance,  fast,  flask,  gasp,  ghastly,  glance,  glass,  grant, 
grasp,  grass,  lance,  last,  lass,  mast,  nasty,  pant,  past,  pasture, 
plaster,  quaff,  staff,  task,  trance,  vast,  waft. 


-S 


Direction.  —  Practice  with  the  simple  vowel  sound,  and  with 
■words,  as  directed  in  Exercise  IV.  Use  the  words  grass,  quaff, 
grant,  chance. 

My  aunt  brushed  the  ant  with  her  f3,n. 

Our  calm  friends  cried  alas !  while  we  laughed  &t  the 
chant  and  the  psalm. 

What  m&n  cS,n  grasp  the  vast  plan  of  the  master  poet's 
drama  ? 

Can't  you  see  by  a  glance  through  the  glass  that  the 
pilgrims  are  advancing  at  a  gS,llop  with  palm-branches  in 
their  ha,nds,  which  they  clasp  with  a  firm  grasp  ? 

Marie  passed  her  last  examination,  and,  having  finished 
all  her  tasks,  asked  the  school-master  if  she  might  leave 
the  class  and,  with  her  basket,  walk  past  the  pasture- 
land  to  the  enchanted  castle,  where,  perchance,  she  might 


i 


ACADEMY  OETHOEPIST.  69 

see  the  little  lambs  dance  and  prance  upon  the  soft  green 
grass  of  the  lawn.  There,  casting  off  care,  she  could  get 
a  draught  of  pure  air,  and  listen  to  the  distant  chant  of 
the  monks,  and  the  clear  blast  of  the  mountaineer's  horn. 

XII. — General  Exercise. 

The  renunciation  of  a  recluse  is  hardly  more  rational 
than  the  recourse  to  national  rapine,  current  in  the 
mediaeval  age.  His  peculiar  life  is  a  retroaction,  or  retro- 
gression, from  the  routine  resources  of  sociality,  revolting 
to  those  robust  recusants  who  do  not  believe  in  the  reflex 
and  refluent  benefits  of  such  a  form  of  resignation.  They 
speak  with  raillery  of  the  mental  relaxation,  the  romance, 
the  rhythmic  beauty  which  one  must  enjoy,  who,  to 
escape  irremediable  evils,  like  a  reptile,  creeps  into  some 
rocky  recess,  where  the  air  is  not  respirable,  and  there 
spends  his  days  in  recondite  research,  to  discover  the  true 
root  of  the  remediless  wrongs  recognizable  in  human 
society.  The  rise  of  this  pristine  belief  in  isolation  is 
referable  rather  to  the  influence  of  sacerdotal  mono- 
maniacs than  to  the  rudimentary  condition  of  phi- 
losophy. 

XIII. — The  Endings  el,  il,  and  en. 

Direction. — Note  carefully  the  words  with  these  endings  in  which 
the  vowel  is  not  sounded.  See  civil,  p.  10,  and  label,  p.  21 ;  add  to 
those  lists  other  words  from  the  dictionary. 

The  evil  of  this  novel  of  civil  life  is  in  the  imbecile 
sequel.  It  is  a  model  of  the  puerile  novels  of  travel,  filled 
with  jaunty  sketches  of  sanguine  rebels,  squalid  hovels, 
and  sudden  quarrels,  often  without  even  a  morsel  of 
humor.  The  stereotyped  series  of  intrigues,  portents, 
and  libels  still  exists,  for  the  maintenance  of  the  per* 


60  ACADEMY   ORTHOEPIST. 

functory  plot.  The  groveling  and  servile  secretary  of  a 
sergeant  makes  pencil-drawings  of  a  miniature  manor- 
house.  One  scene  shows  an  open  and  level  mall,  with  a 
sorrel  horse  and  seven  chickens,  near  a  chapel.  Another 
shows  the  furniture  of  the  matron's  room — a  mantel, 
covered  with  satin  and  tinsel ;  several  wooden  vessels ;  a 
barrel  and  a  parcel  of  linen  table-cloths  and  woolen  mit- 
tens ;  a  nickel  fire-shovel ;  a  panel-picture  on  an  easel ;  and 
a  golden  vase  from  Milan,  designed  by  Michael  Angelo. 

XIV. — General  Exercise. 

A  piquant  phalanx  of  patriotic  juveniles  sauntered 
through  the  quadrille  with  lithesome  and  languid  move- 
ments. A  trio  of  naive  naiads,  with  turquoise  coronals 
and  diamond  tiaras,  took  precedence  of  the  splenetic 
satrap,  who  made  pretence  to  illustrate  by  a  peremptory 
placard  the  condemning  ordeal  of  the  maelstrom.  He 
was  followed  by  the  hypochondriacal  Brougham,  who  had 
a  predilection  for  onyx  and  sapphire  and  harassed  the 
civil  but  plebeian  Wolsey.  This  lethargic  pariah  comtem- 
plated  a  sojourn  in  Gottingen,  where  he  might  banquet 
on  seckel  pears  and  tomatoes  on  alternate  days,  without 
quinine,  or  morphine,  or  cocaine  (ko'ka-in)  to  vanquish 
dyspepsia  and  nausea.  While  enjoying  this  maniacal 
process,  the  maritime,  jocose,  plethoric  Beauchamp, 
chanted    in  a  nasal  recitative  his  matutinal  orison. 

XV. — General  Exercise. 

Direction. — In  this  exercise,  give  special  attention  to  tte  sound 
of  long  u.    See  pp.  14,  33. 

The  music  of  Berlioz  is  beautiful,  but  does  not  pos- 
sess the  classic  purity  of  Meyerbeer,  Eossini,  and  Cheru- 


ACADEMY   OETHOEPIST.  61 

bini,  nor  the  rude  Doric  strength  of  Bach  and  Handel. 
Mozart,  the  friend  of  Haydn,  was  able  to  improvise  at  the 
age  of  six.  His  masterpieces  are  '*Don  Giovanni"  and 
the  "Magic  Flute."  Verdi's  "Two  Foscari"  was  never 
truly  popular,  like  the  "  Overture  "  of  Mendelssohn.  For 
tranquil  beauty  and  pure  sentiment,  nothing  is  equal  to 
the  nocturnes  of  Chopin,  except,  perhaps,  a  fugue  (flag) 
or  rural  symphony  of  Beethoven.  Like  the  tuneful 
pathos  of  the  lute,  or  the  mute  suffering  of  Niobe,  they 
appeal  even  to  the  crudest  appreciation. 

Wagner  was  engaged  in  the  promulgation  of  a  new  theory 
of  the  musical  drama,  illustrated  by  his  "  Tannhauser," 
In  Heine's  "Florentine  Nights"  there  is  a  description  of 
Paganini's  playing,  which  it  is  the  duty  of  all  lovers  of 
music  to  read.  Many  of  the  "  Songs "  of  Schubert  are 
now  familiar  tunes. 

XVI. — General  Exercise, 

Direction. — Be  careful  not  to  sound  sh  before  r  like  8 ;  as  ared  for 
9hred,  srtib  for  shrub. 

At  the  overt  inquiry  about  the  irrefragable  argument 
for  an  emendation  of  the  occult  theories  of  finance  ex- 
tant in  this  epoch  of  progress,  he  shrugged  his  shoulders, 
and  with  a  shrewd  facial  grimace  and  shrill  voice  he  ob- 
served that  Galileo,  the  beloved  patron  of  Kossuth,  was 
in  exile  a  fortnight  in  an  eyry  on  Mt.  Sinai,  for  extirpat- 
ing the  evangelical  tenets,  and  for  fraternizing  with  an 
expert  in  forgery,  who  went  to  the  gallows  for  the  heinous 
crime  of  fratricide.  At  this  oblique  reference  to  the 
guillotine,  the  shriveled  and  enervated  Arab  shrieked  like 
a  virago,  threw  his  greasy  wreaths  into  the  gondola,  and 
with  a  lever  overturned  the  shrine  near  the  granary.  Ex- 
hilaxated  by  the  opportune  example  of  the  exciseman,  who 


CS^  LIBRAR^ADEli^^B^il 


PIST. 

in  an  exultant  manner,  examined  our  exhausted  drome- 
daries, we  exerted  ourselves  to  make  an  exact  topograph- 
ical survey  of  the  quay.  But  troubled  with  ennui,  we 
spent  the  live-long  day  watching  the  mirage  on  the  hori- 
zon, indicatory  of  an  oasis  filled  with  an  exuberant 
growth  of  shrubs,  and  the  herbaceous  mistletoe. 

XVII. — General  Exercise, 

An  unctuous  son  of  Erin  from  Cincinnati,  whose  pre« 
decessors  had  been  in  the  Crimean  War,  a  stanch  Danish 
pianist  from  Elgin,  and  a  usurious  European  zealot  of  the 
Medici  family,  who  held  a  government  sinecure,  all  of 
Caucasian,  or  Aryan,  descent,  made  a  tripartite  agreement 
to  sojourn  in  Palestine,  after  their  Russian  and  Hellenic 
travels.  Their  visit  to  the  Khedive  at  Cairo  was  simul- 
taneous with  the  subsidence  of  the  Nile.  At  Genoa  a 
Canaanite,  with  his  pet  spaniel  (named  Daniel),  joined 
them,  who  was  once  sent  from  the  Tuileries  to  the  Bastile 
by  a  Bourbon  prince  for  suggesting  that  Boileau  was 
greater  than  Eichelieu.  He  was  a  pharmaceutist,  and  a 
complaisant  opponent  of  allopathy,  and,  upon  the  least 
pretext,  would  indulge  in  a  sonorous  and  prolix  tirade 
against  the  puissant  Cecil,  calling  him  an  Elizabethan 
Belial.  These  luxurious  Philistines  were  wont  to  read 
Rossetti's  poems,  Goethe's  Faust,  and  Fronde's  histories, 
while  listening  to  the  elegiac  strains  of  a  violoncello. 
More  like  satyrs  than  sons  of  Thalia,  they  chanted  the 
sorrows  of  Orpheus  and  Ixion,  beneath  the  soft  eyes  of 
Cassiopea  and  Orion. 


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No.  184.     Paper  12  cts.,  boards  20  cts. 
Hawthorne — The  Snow  Image,  The  Great 

Stono    Face,    Little    Daffydowndilly. 

No.  «03.      12  cts. 
Hawthorne— Twice-Told  Tales.   Selected. 

No.  188-189.     2S  cts. 
Hawthorne —  Two  Tanglewood  Tales.    No. 

117.      12  cts. 
Hawthorne — A    Wonder    Book.     Selected 

Tales.      No.    168.       Paper    12    cts., 

boards  20  cts. 
Hayne— Speech.       No    152.     12  cts. 
Hogg— The  Queen's  Wake.     No.  16.    .12 
Holmes — Selected   Poems.     No.    205;.    .12 
Hotner— The  Iliad.     Books  I.  and  VI.    .30 
Homer— The  Odyssey.     Books  1.,  V.,  IX., 

and  X.     30  cts. 
Hood— Selected  Pooms.    No.  208.     12  cts. 
Horace — The  Art  of  Poetry.     30  ets. 
Irving — The  Aihambra.    Selections.     No. 

117.      12  cts. 
Irving — The  Life  of  Goldsmith.     40  cts. 
Irving — The    Legend    of    Sleepy    Hollow. 

No.  41.     12  cts. 
Irving — Essays    from    the    Sketch-Book. 

No.  213-224.     25  cts. 
Irving — The      Sketch-Book.       Selections. 

No.  31.      12  cts. 
Irving — Tales    of    a    Traveler.     Selected. 

No.  174-175.     25  cts. 
Irving — Westminster  Abbey,  and  Christ- 

ma.<i  Sketches.     No.  03.     12  cts. 
Keats — The  Eve  of  St.  Agnes.     No.   40. 

12  cts. 
Kingsley— The  Water-Babies.     No.    206- 

307.     25  cts. 
Lamb— Essays.     No.  158-159.     25  cts. 
Lamb — Essays    of    Elia.     Selected.     No. 

68.      12  cts. 
Lamb— Tales  from  Shakespeare.     No.  42. 

12  cts. 


A    000  687  995     1 


cipation    Proclamation,    and    Gettys- 
burg Speech.     See  American  Patriotic 

Selections. 
Lincoln,  At^raham,  Words  of.     No.   131. 

12  cts. 
Locke — Of  the  Conduct  of  the  Understand- 
ing.    No.  228-220.     25  cts. 
Longfellow — The      Courtship      of      Miles 

Standish.     No.  230.      12  cts. 
Longfellow — Evangeline.     No.      125-126. 

25  cts. 
Longfellow — Hiawatha.    No.  21S-219.  .25 
Longfellow—  Voices    of    the    Night,    and 

other  Poems.     No.  167.      12  cts. 
Lowell — The   Vision   of  Sir   Launfal,  and 

other  Poems.     No.  129.      12  cts. 
JHacauIay — Essay  on  Addison.     No.  104- 

los.     25  cts. 
Macaulay — The  Armada,  and  other  Poem*. 

No.  13.      12  cts.  ' 

Macaulay — Essay   on    Lord   Bacon.     NO. 

61.      12  ct.-;. 
Macaulay — Essay    on    Boswell's    Life    of 

Johniion.     No.  106.      12  cts* 
Macaulay — Essay    on    Byron.     No.     1 20, 

12  cts. 
Macaulay — Essay  on  Lord  Clive.     No.  73- 

74.     25  cts. 
Macaulay — Earl     of     Chatham.     Second 

Essay.     No.  94-95.     25  cts. 
Macaulay — Essay  on  Frederick  the  Great. 

No.  loS-iog.     25  cts. 
Macaulay — History  of  England.     Chap.  I. 

No.  162-163.     25  cts. 
Macaulay — Lays  of  Ancient  Rome.     No. 

76-77.     25  cts. 
Macaulay — Essay   on   Milton.     No.    loi- 

103.     25  cts. 
Macaulay — Essay  on  the  Pilgrim's  Prog- 
ress.    No.  12.      12  cts. 
Macaulay — Samuel    Johnson.     No.     178. 

12  cts. 
Macaulay — Essay    on    Warren    Hastings 

No.  34.      12  cts. 
Mandeville's  Travels  and  Wycliffe's  Bible. 

No.  107.     12  cts. 
Marlowe — The  Jew  of  Malta.     No.   loi. 

12  cts. 
Memory  Quotations.     No.  37.     12  cts. 
Milton — Lycidas,  Comus,   L'AIIegro,  and 

11  Penscroso.     No.  237-238,     25  cts. 
Milton — Comus.     No.  20.     12  cts. 
Milton — L'AIIegro  and  II  Pcnseroso,  with 

Sonnets   and    other   Poems.     No. 

12  cts. 

Milton — Lycidas,  and  Hymn  on  the  Nativ- 
ity.    No.  46.      12  cts. 

Milton- — Paradi.se  host.     Book  I.     30  cts. 
Milton — Paradise  Lost.     Books  I.  and  II. 
40  cts. 


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MAYNARD'S  ENGLISH  CLASSIC  SERIES  (Continued) 


Alilton — Samson  Agonistes.     .To.  no-iii. 

2S  cts. 
Moore — Lalla  Rookh.     No.  s.     12  cts. 
More — Utopia.     No.  156-157.     25  cts. 
Morris — Life  and  Death  of  Jason.     No.  53. 

12  cts. 
Motley — Peter  the  Great.    No.   121-isj, 

25  cts. 
Plato — Crito.     No.  199.     12  cts. 
Poe — The  Gold  Bug.     No.  204.     12  cts. 
Poe — The  Raven,  and  other  Poems.    No. 

72.      12  cts. 
Pope — An  Essay  on  Criticism,  and  other 

Poems.     No.  26.     12  cts. 
Pope — Homer's  Iliad.     No.  144-145.    .25 
Pope — Homer's     Iliad.     Books     I.,     VI., 

XXH.,  and  XXIV.     No.  197-198.    .25 
Pope— An   Essay   on   Man.     No.    83-84. 

25  cts. 
Pope — The  Rape  of  the  Lock,  and  Epistle 

to  Arbuthnot.     No.  55.     12  cts. 
Prescott — The  Conquest  of  Mexico.     No. 

164-165.     25  cts. 
Ramee — A   Dog  of   Flanders.     No.    200. 

Paper  12  cts.,  boards  20  cts. 
Ramee — The   Nurnberg  Stove.     No.    151. 

Paper  12  cts.,  boards  20  cts. 
Rossetti,  Dante  Gabriel — Selected  Poems. 

No.  220.     12  cts. 
Ruskin — The  King  of  the  Golden  River, 

and  Dame  Wiggins  of  Lee  and  Her 

Seven     Wonderful    Cats.     No.     173. 

Paper  12  cts.,  boards  20  cts. 
Ruskin— Modern      Painters,      .Selections. 

No.  48.      12  cts. 
Ruskin — Of  Kings'  Treasuries.     No.  176. 

1 2  cts. 
Ruskin — Of  Queens'  Gardens.    No.   177. 

12  cts. 
Ruskin — Sesame  and  Lilies.    No.  325-226. 

25  cts. 
Scott— Ivanhoe.     Complete.    40  cts. 
Scott — Ivanhoe.    Abridged.    No.  137-138. 

25  cts. 
Scott— Kenilworth.     Abridged.    No.  139- 

140.     25  cts. 
Scott— The  Lady  of  the  Lake.    Complete. 

30  cts. 
Scott— The  Lady  of  the  Lake.    Abridged. 

No.  79-80.     25  cts. 
Scott — The  Lay  of  the  Last  Minstrel.     No. 

212-213.     25  cts. 
Scott — Marmion,    Abridged.     No.  81-82. 

25  cts. 
Scott— The     Talisman.     Abridged.      No. 

T41-142.     25  cts. 
Shakespeare — Plays.     Kellogg's   Editions. 
19  volumes.     Each,  30  cts. 


Shakespeare  Speaker,  The.     No.  49.    .12 
Shelley — Skylark,     Adonais,     and     other 

Poems,     No.  85.     12  cts. 
Skelton,     Wyatt,     and     Surrey — Selected 

Poems.     No,  97.     12  cts. 
Sophocles — Antigone.     No.  63.     12  cts. 
Southern     Poets,    The — Lanier,    TImrod, 

Hayne.     Selected    Poems.     No.    341. 

12  cts. 
Southey — The  Life  of  Nelson.     No.  185- 

186.     25  cts. 
Spencer — The   Philosophy  of  Style.     No. 

87.      12  cts. 
Spenser — The  Faerie  Queene.    Cantos  I. 

and  II.,  and  Prothalamion.     No.  37. 

12  cts. 
Swift — Gulliver's  Voyage  to  LiUiput.     No. 

60.      12  cts. 
Tennyson — Idylls  of  the  King.     30  cts. 
TennVson — The    Coming  of    Arthur,  and 

The    Passing   of   Arthur.     No.    laS. 

12  cts. 
Tennyson — Enoch    Arden;     The    Lotus- 

Eaters ;  Ulysses ;  and  Tithonus.     No. 

30.      12  cts. 
Tennyson — The  Holy  Grail,  and  Sir  Gala- 
had.    No.  Qi.      12  cts. 
Tennyson — In    Memoriam.     No.    57.   .12 
Tennyson — Lancelot  and  Elaine.     No.  56. 

12  cts. 
Tennyson — The  Palace  of  Art,  and  other 

Poems.     No.  209,     12  cts. 
Tennyson — The    Princess.     No.    195-196- 

2  5  cts. 
Tennyson — The  Two  Voices,  and  A  Dream 

of  Fair  Women.     No.  36.      12  cts. 
Thackeray — Roundabout  Papers.     Select- 
ed.    No.  50.      12  cts. 
Washin-ton — Farewell  Address,  and  Web- 

stei— ^First  Bunker  Hill  Oration.     No. 

235-236.     25  cts.  • 

Weaver — Paul's    Trip    with    the    Moon, 

No.'2i4.     12  cts. 
Webster — Oration  on  Adams  and  Jeffer- 
son.    No.  SI-      '2  cts. 
Webster — The    Bunker    Hill    Monument 

Orations.      No.  44.      12  cts. 
Webster— Reply  to  Hayne.     No.  75.    .12 
Whitman,    Walt— Selected    Poems.     No. 

242.      12  cts. 
Whittier— Snow-Bound,  Songs  of  Labor, 

and  other  Poems.     No.  130-      12  cts. 
Wordsworth— The    Excursion,     Book    I. 

(The  Wanderer),  and  Ode  on  Im- 
mortality.    No.  25.     12  cts. 
Wordsworth — Selected    Poems.     No.    90. 

12  cts. 
Wykes — Shakespeare  Reader.    No.   181- 

182.     25  cts. 


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